Science and Practice in Farm CultivationBuckman, James
Science
Science and Practice in Farm Cultivation
Buckman, James
Agriculture
Of late years cider-mills have been brought out which essentially
consist of a combination of gribbling teeth, by which the fruit is first
torn to pieces, and two cylindrical rollers, between which it is
afterwards crushed with greater or less completeness.
In some cases the rollers are of iron, in others of hard stone: the
latter is preferable, as contact with iron, even where but slight,
causes the drink to assume a degree of blackness, especially on
exposure.
Portable mills of this kind are now very general, but we so fully agree
with the remarks of Mr. Cadle, that we here quote his description of
some portable cider-mills, with his comments upon their action.
About twenty-six years ago, Mr. Coleman, of Chaxhill,
Westbury-on-Severn, commenced making an improved cider-mill and
press, which could act either as a fixture or a portable mill. It
was found that the cider thus made fined better, and the process
was also more expeditious. These advantages, together with the cost
of keeping the old kind of mills in repair, which landlords were
unwilling to undertake, led to their being superseded, as they wore
out, by Coleman’s, or a similar mill.
Coleman’s mill consists of two pairs of rollers fixed in a strong
wooden frame; it is fed from a hopper, the apples passing through
the first pair of rollers, which are made of hard wood, with iron
teeth, so as to break the apples, which fall next between a pair of
stone rollers set close enough to break the kernels, and from these
the pulp drops into a trough placed beneath to receive it.
Mr. Latchem, of Hereford, has also paid considerable attention to
the construction of these mills, and has taken out a patent for
doing away with the iron in the feed-rollers, and substituting
steel teeth fitted into one roller, and working through other steel
teeth on a fixed plate, partly on the same principle as a
curd-mill. The fruit, after passing this “chewer,” is ground
between a pair of stone rollers, as before described.
Until the portable apple-mills became general, we had a mill to
almost every farm, and even to many of the cottages; but in
Devonshire one mill or pound-house serves for a number of makers,
and sometimes for a parish, each person paying so much per hogshead
for the making.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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