So far so good. The next questions are: What Mexican plant is it that forms the capsule or tripartite fruit in which the caterpillar is found? How did the caterpillar get there? What kind of an insect does it turn into, and when? I will answer the last question first. The caterpillar turns into a chrysalis in the early part of the year, having first cut a perfectly circular ring in the shell of the capsule. The circular plate thus within the ring is not disturbed, and cannot be observed without very close inspection. The making of this perfectly circular cut without removing the piece marked out must be effected by a rotation of the caterpillar’s head and jaws as a centre-bit—an astonishing performance. But when the moth emerges from the chrysalis, a gentle push is enough to cause the little circular plate to fall out, and the moth creeps through the hole to the outer world. The moth, which comes out of the chrysalis-coat, is a very pretty little creature (see Fig. 54), measuring two-thirds of an inch across the opened wings, which are marked with dark and reddish-brown-coloured bands. It is a close ally of the British codling moth, the caterpillar of which eats its way into the core of apples, and is familiar to all growers and eaters of that fruit. The codling moth and the Mexican “jumper” belong to a group of small moths called _Tortricinæ_, and they are named respectively _Carpocapsa saltitans_ (the one whose grub or caterpillar inhabits the “jumping bean”) and _Carpocapsa pomonana_, the codling moth. There are other British species of _Carpocapsa_, the grubs of which eat into the acorn, the walnut, the chestnut, and the beechnut—a distinct kind or species for each. None of these grubs cause the nuts they attack to “jump.” [Illustration: FIG. 54.—The moth, _Carpocapsa saltitans_, which escapes from the jumping bean or segment of the fruit of the Mexican spurge, _Sebastiana palmeri_, in which its caterpillar and chrysalis have passed their lives. The crossed lines indicate the natural size of the moth. (Drawn from nature for this work.)]