Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404Various
Science
Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404
Various
Science -- Periodicals
4. _Sulphur and Cadmium._--Three compressions give a yellowish-gray
homogeneous mass. The powder is yellow, but less pure than that of
cadmium sulphide obtained by precipitation. Strong hydrochloric acid
dissolves the mass with escape of hydrogen sulphide.
5. _Sulphur and Aluminum._--Result incomplete. After five compressions
a mass is obtained which, in contact with moist air, gives off an odor
of hydrogen polysulphide.
6. _Sulphur and Bismuth._--The combination takes place with great ease.
7. _Sulphur and Lead._--The combination is still more easy.
8. _Sulphur and Silver._--The action is slow; eight compressions are
necessary.
9. _Sulphur and Copper._--Three compressions complete the combination.
When the product of the compression is heated, there is no development
of heat or light.
10. _Sulphur and Tin._--Three compressions give a block which yields
a yellowish-gray powder, easily soluble in a hot solution of sodium
sulphide. Stannic sulphide is therefore formed by the compression of
sulphur and tin.
11. _Sulphur and Antimony._--After two compressions we obtain a
gray-black mass having the color and luster of stibine. When powdered
it dissolves with ease in hot hydrochloric acid, giving off hydrogen
sulphide.
12. _Sulphur and Red Phosphorus; Sulphur and Carbon._--Result entirely
_nil_; there is produced not the least trace of phosphorus sulphide nor
of carbon sulphide.
CONCLUSIONS TO BE DRAWN FROM THESE FACTS.
The negative results just mentioned have an especial interest. It is
established that red phosphorus has a higher specific gravity than
white phosphorus, that of the former being 1.96, and that of the
latter 1.82. The author's former researches (_Bulletins de l'Académie
Royale de Belgique_, 49, p. 323, 1880) have shown that if sufficient
pressure is applied to a body capable of assuming several allotropic
states, it takes under pressure the state corresponding to its greatest
density. It is consequently impossible to transform red phosphorus into
white phosphorus by pressure. But we know, on the other hand, that
red sulphur and red phosphorus may be mixed with impunity at common
temperatures without combination ensuing; to produce combination the
temperature must be raised to about 260°, the point of transformation
of red phosphorus into white phosphorus.
It is thus established that red phosphorus must first be changed from
its allotropic condition before entering into combination with sulphur.
The pressure opposing this change renders also the act of combination
impossible; red phosphorus appears to us like a body which has lost its
chemical faculties.
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