Scientific American Supplement, No. 303, October 22, 1881Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 303, October 22, 1881
Various
Science -- Periodicals
The question of suitably naming the new planet soon came to the fore.
Herschel himself proposed to designate it the "Georgium Sidus," in honor
of his patron, George III., just as Galileo had called the satellites
of Jupiter the "Medicean stars," after Cosmo de' Medici. But La Place
proposed that the planet should be named after its discoverer; and thus
it was frequently referred to as "Herschel," and sometimes as "The
Herschelian planet." Astronomers on the continent objected to this
system of personal nomenclature, and argued that the new body should
receive an appellative in accordance with those adopted for the old
planets, which had been selected from the heathen mythology. Several
names were suggested as suitable (on the basis of this principle), and
ultimately the one advanced by Bode received the most favor, and the
planet thereafter was called "Uranus."
The varying positions of the new body as observed on successive nights
were determined by comparisons with a group of six small stars, termed
by Herschel [Greek: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon] and afterwards
formed into a constellation under the designation of "Britannia," though
it does not appear that this little asterism is acknowledged as one of
our constellations. Its position is about midway between Taurus and
Gemini, and the following are the principal stars computed for 1881.0,
as given by Mr. Marth:
Star. Magnitude. Right Ascension. Declination.
h. m. s.
alpha 9.0 5 42 6.06 23° 35' 6.7" N.
eta 8.7 5 43 17.82 23 26' 7.2 N.
theta 8.8 5 44 0.99 23 53' 30.8 N.
epsilon 8.8 5 45 40.68 23 34' 46.8 N.
The stars are therefore merely telescopic, and are confined to a small
area of space, so that the propriety of adopting the group as a distinct
constellation is very questionable. Their positions close to Uranus at
the time of its discovery, and the fact that the planet's motion was
detected by means of comparisons with them, has given to these stars an
historical interest which in future years must often attract the student
to their reobservation. But it would be unwise, as forming a bad
precedent, to accept a group of stars of this inferior type as meriting
to rank among the old constellations, when we have numbers of richer
groups, situated on their confines, which first deserve such a
distinction. However special or unique the circumstances connected with
certain telescopic stars may be, and however necessary it may appear
to signalize them by a specific title, we are inclined to question the
adoption of such means as likely to exercise a wrong influence,
inasmuch as it may hereafter originate further innovations of a similar
character, and ultimate complications will be certain to arise.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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