Scientific American Supplement, No. 315, January 14, 1882Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 315, January 14, 1882
Various
Science -- Periodicals
Of course, the price of these canvas enlargements varies with the
amount of artistic work subsequently put upon them; but the usual
charge made by Messrs. Winter for a well-finished life-size portrait,
three quarter length, is sixty florins, or about L5 sterling as the
exchange now stands. Besides working for photographers, Messrs. Winter
are reproducing a large number of classic paintings and cartoons by
photography on canvas in this way (some of them almost absolutely
untouched), and these, as may be supposed, are finding a very large
sale among dealers. Such copies must necessarily be of considerable
value to artists and collectors, and altogether it would seem that
Messrs. Winter have hit upon a novel undertaking, which bids fair to
make them a handsome return for the outlay (large as it undoubtedly
has been) made upon their Vienna establishment.--_Photo. News._
* * * * *
DETECTION OF STARCH SUGAR SIRUP MIXED WITH SUGAR-HOUSE
MOLASSES.[1]
[Footnote 1: A Paper read before the American Chemical Society,
September 2, 1881.]
BY P. CASAMAJOR.
In previous communications I have given processes for detecting the
adulteration of cane-sugar by starch-sugar. The adulteration of
sugar-house sirups by starch glucose is still more extensively
practiced than that of sugar, and a great portion of sirups sold by
retailers in this market is adulterated with starch glucose. This form
of adulteration may be very easily detected by the use of strong
methylic alcohol, in which the alcoholometer of Tralles or of Gay
Lussac will indicate about 931/2 deg..
A straight sugar-house sirup when mixed with three times its volume of
this strong methylic alcohol will dissolve by stirring, giving a very
slight turbidity, which remains suspended; while sirups containing the
usual admixture of starch sugar give a very turbid liquid, which
separates, when left at rest, into two layers, the lower being a thick
viscous deposit containing the glucose sirup.
Considerable quantities are sold of a thin sirup, of about 32 deg. Baume,
in which the proportion of sugar to the impurities is greater than in
common sugar-house molasses. When a sirup of this kind is stirred with
three times its volume of methylic alcohol, a marked turbidity and
deposition will take place, which consists of pure sugar. The crystals
are hard and gritty. They adhere to the sides of the glass, and are
deposited on the bottom. There is no resemblance between this
precipitate and that due to starch sugar sirup.
It may not be useless to mention that if a straight sugar-house sirup
of about 40 deg. B. density is stirred with three times its volume of
_ethylic_ alcohol of about 931/2 deg. the sirup will not dissolve. Hence
ethylic alcohol of this strength is not suitable for distinguishing a
sirup mixed with starch glucose from a _straight_ sugar-house sirup.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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