It is evident that the possession of any one of the above characteristics by a man approximates him more to the monkeys, so far as it goes. He retains features which have been obliterated in other persons in the process of evolution. [Illustration: FIG.8.--Portrait of Satanta, a late chief of the Kiowas (from the Red river of Texas), from a photograph. The predominance of the facial region, and especially of the malar bones, and the absence of beard, are noteworthy.] In considering the physiognomy of man from an embryological standpoint, we must consider the peculiarities of the infant at birth. The numbers of the following list correspond with those already used (Fig. 3). I. _As to the General Form_.--(1) The head of the infant is relatively much larger than in the adult; (3) the arms are relatively longer; (4) there is no waist; (6) the leg, and especially the thigh, is much shorter. II. _As to the Surfaces_.--(10) The body is covered with fine hair, and that of the head is short. III. _The Head and Face_.--(14) The cerebral part of the skull greatly predominates over the facial; (16) the superciliary ridges are not developed; (17) the alveolar borders are not prominent; (20) the malar bones are not prominent; (21) the nose is without bridge and the cartilages are flat and generally short; (22) the eyes are larger. [Illustration: FIG. 9.--Australian native (from Brough Smyth), showing small development of muscles of legs and prognathism.] It is evident that persons who present any of the characters cited in the above list are more infantile or embryonic in those respects than are others; and that those who lack them have left them behind in reaching maturity. We have now two sets of characters in which men may differ from each other. In the one set the characters are those of monkeys, in the other they are those of infants. Let us see whether there be any identities in the two lists, i. e., whether there be any of the monkey-like characters which are also infantile. We find the following to be such: I. _As to General Form_.--(3) The arms are longer. II. _Surface_.--(10) The hair of the head is short, and the hair on the body is more distributed. III. _As to Head and Face_.--(21) The nose is without bridge and the cartilages are short and flat. Three characters only out of twenty-three. On the other hand, the following characters of monkey-like significance are the opposites of those included in the embryonic list: (14) The facial region of the skull is large as compared with the cerebral; (15) the forehead is not prominent; (16) the superciliary ridges are more prominent; (17) the edges of the jaws are more prominent. Four characters, all of the face and head. It is thus evident that in attaining maturity man resembles more and more the apes in some important parts of his facial expression.