The mechanism consists of a train-arm, T, which turns upon the vertical pivot, P, fixed in the stand. In this arm, T, are the bearings of two cranks, B and C. equal in length to each other and to a third crank, A, which is stationary, being fixed to the pivot, P, by a pin, p. To the crank-pin of A is secured a reverted arm, A', which supports the earth, E, and keeps it also stationary. The three cranks are connected by the rod, R, like the parallel rod of a locomotive: to which is fastened by a steady-pin, o, the bevel wheel, D, concentric with the crank-pin, b. The head of this crank-pin is first made spherical, then faced off at an angle with the axis of b, and in the sloping face is firmly fixed the long screw, S, forming the support for the moon, M, which is caused to rotate about the axis of S, by means of the wheel, F, equal to and engaging with D. The upper end of S projects slightly through a perforation in the moon, and to it the hemispherical black shell or cap, G, is fixed by the screw, K; this cap represents the unilluminated part of the moon, and since G, s, b, and B, are in effect but one piece, the cap moves precisely as the crank does. Now as the train-arm, T, is carried round, the cranks, B and C, will turn in their bearings; but by their connection with A, they are compelled to remain always parallel to themselves, and thus the axis of the moon receives a motion of translation. But since during this action the wheel D turns relatively to the pin b, the moon evidently rotates about its axis with an angular velocity precisely equal to that of its orbital motion. The black shell however has the motion of translation only, and thus exhibits the phases of the moon, on the supposition that the source of light is infinitely remote and the rays come always in the same direction, which is not strictly true, of course; but the reasons of the varying appearance are as clearly shown as if it were absolutely exact. The same may be said in regard to the phenomena of libration; the inclination of the moon's axis to the plane of her orbit is really small, but is purposely exaggerated in this apparatus in order to make the results apparent; in the position represented, it is quite obvious that an observer upon the earth can see a little past one pole, and cannot quite see the other, as well as that this condition will be reversed after half a revolution.