Scientific American Supplement, No. 795, March 28, 1891Various
History
Scientific American Supplement, No. 795, March 28, 1891
Various
Science -- Periodicals
One-half of each fowl was tested by cooking for flavor, succulence,
and tenderness. The other half was carefully prepared for chemical
analysis by separating the meat from the bones. The flesh was
thoroughly mixed and run through a sausage cutter, mixed again, and
the process repeated three times. From different parts of this mixture
a large sample was taken, from which the chemist took his samples for
analysis. The right tibia of each fowl was tested for strength by
placing it across two parallel bars and suspending a wire on its
center, on which were placed small weights until the bone gave way.
DRESSED WEIGHT, INTERNAL ORGANS, ETC.
____________________________________________________________________
| |
| Hens. | Chickens.
|___________________|____________________
| | | |
| Lot I. | Lot II. | Lot I. | Lot II.
| Nitro- | Carbon- | Nitro- | Carbon-
| genous. | aceous. | genous. | aceous.
|_________|_________|_________|__________
| lb. | lb. | lb. | lb.
Live weight. | 21.31 | 22.0 | 17.89 | 12.63
Dressed weight. | 14.86 | 15.09 | 12.01 | 8.89
" " per cent. | 69.7 | 68.6 | 67.1 | 70.5
Weight of blood. | 0.75 | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.34
" " feathers. | 1.41 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 0.66
" " intestinal fat. | 0.59 | 1.98 | 0.34 | 0.66
" " offal. | 3.70 | 3.02 | 3.62 | 2.08
" " bones. | 3.47 | 3.63 | 3.18 | 2.69
" " flesh. | 11.39 | 11.47 | 8.93 | 6.20
___________________________|_________________________________________
The breaking strain of the right tibia was as follows for the hens and
chickens of the various lots:
Average hens, nitrogenous. 48.16
" " carbonaceous. 51.74
" chickens, nitrogenous. 46.64
" " carbonaceous. 31.18
There was little difference in the strength of the bones of the hens,
undoubtedly because the bones were mature before the feeding began,
and were little affected by the feeding. We find, however, that the
bones of the chickens fed on nitrogenous food were almost fifty per
cent. (49.6) stronger than those fed carbonaceous food.
The difference in the composition of the flesh, as shown by the
analysis of Mr. W.P. Cutter, is given below:
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