[6] _Tigh._ 563. _Bed. Hist. Ecc._, l. 3, c. 4, 5, 26. _Adam. Vit. Col. (Reeves)_, l. 1, c. 37; l. 2, c. 35. _Craig Phadrick_ is supposed by Dr. Reeves to represent the _Rath_ of Bruidi. The southern Picts had been already converted by Ninian, a British bishop, according to Beda (l. 3, c. 4); and if the conjecture is correct which assigns this conversion to the early part of the fifth century, it must have been effected during their temporary occupation of the province of Valentia. If reliance can be placed on traditional chronology, the migration of _Cynedda Gwladig_, the ancestor of the “noble tribes” of Wales, from _Manau Guotodin_--supposed to mean the “Debateable Land” between Picts, Scots, Angles, and Britons [_Adam. Vit. Col. (Reeves)_, p. 371, d.]--must have taken place about the same period, and was caused, probably, by the encroachments of the Picts. [7] _Beda_--as above. [8] _Bed. Hist. Ecc._, l. 5, c. 24. _Tigh._ 717. The foundation of Abernethy is ascribed by the chronicle of the Picts to a Nectan, who lived 300 years before this reign, but I suspect the later builder of the “stone church” was the real founder. Innes (Ap. ii, v.) quotes from the book of Paisley, “In illa ecclesiâ (Abernethy), fuerunt tres electiones factæ quando non fuit nisi unus solus episcopus in Scociâ. Tunc enim fuit ille locus principalis regalis et pontificalis per aliqua tempora tocius regni Pictorum.” As the “primacy” originally vested in Iona, passed subsequently to Dunkeld and St. Andrews, neither of which were in existence before the early part of the ninth century, it may be inferred that, during the intervening period, it remained with Abernethy. It was usually vested in the _Cowarb_, or representative of the original founder; and its leading privileges were the _Lex_, or right to _Can_ and _Cuairt_--tribute and free quarters--and other dues. [9] _Bed. Hist. Ecc._, l. 3, c. 1, 3. [10] _Bed. Hist. Ecc._, l. 2, c. 5; l. 3, c. 24; l. 4, c. 2, 12. _Edd. Vit. Wilf._, c. 19. The _tenero adhuc regno_ of Eddius is changed by Malmesbury (_de Gest. Pont._) into _teneram infantiam reguli_, an expression scarcely applicable to Egfrid, who was twenty-five when he ascended the throne. Thus inaccuracies creep into history. [11] _Bed. Hist. Ecc._, l. 4, c. 26. _Nen. Geneal. Tigh._ 686. _An. Ult._ 685. According to Nennius, no Saxon tax-gatherer ever again took tribute from the Picts. Tribute and a foreign bishop--or abbot--were the true tests of dependence at this period. _Tulachaman_ seems to have been the place often known as _Rath-inver-aman_--“the fort at the mouth of the river Almond,” where vestiges of it are I believe still traceable. _Dun Ollaig_ was probably a place at which Talorcan of _Atholl_ was killed some years later. [12] _Tigh._ 726, 728, 729. _An. Ult._ 728. _Bed. Hist. Ecc. Contin._ 740, 750. [13] _Adam. Vit. Col. (Reeves)_, p. 370, note A, p. 435.