clothed you in scarlet with other delights, who put on ornaments of gold
on your apparel.’ The main field is occupied by three women standing,
separated one from the other by pillars of Ionic form. In the attitude
of all there is something of pensiveness, as it would seem to us, but to
a Greek eye it would mean more than thought,--sorrow. The poses are
precisely those to which we are accustomed in the Attic family groups;
and there can be little doubt that the artist who made this sarcophagus
belonged to the school, Praxitelean in character, which produced the
stelae of Athens. The lowest line of sculpture in the engraving is on a
very small scale and in low relief; it represents scenes of hunting and
the bringing home of the booty.
The remaining three faces of the sarcophagus correspond with that which
we have described in subject and in style, the other end closely so. On
each side we find--besides the lowest relief, which runs all
round--above, a funeral procession, in which a hearse is convoyed to the
grave by a chariot and led horses, and below, six more women in mourning
attitudes standing between pillars. The number of these female figures
is thus eighteen. It would puzzle many a modern artist to solve the
artistic problem thus set, to produce eighteen figures of women, all
young and of the same type, all standing in poses both in themselves
elegant but yet suggestive of grief, and so different one from the other
that there is no sameness or repetition. But artistic problems of this
sort had a special attraction for Greek artists of the best period--for
the artist who planned the Parthenon frieze as well as for the artists
of the Mausoleum. And no solution could be found more perfect than that
offered us in the present case. The eighteen women have been compared to
a dirge of eighteen stanzas; and though to sustain the comparison the
dirge would be somewhat monotonous, that fact perhaps would not make it
less impressive.
M. Reinach well observes that the whole form of this monument is taken
from that of a temple. The columns support an entablature, above which
rises a pediment. Between the columns stand statues, as very often in
Greek temples and in monuments such as the Lycian heroon (Fig. 74). No
doubt, morphologically, the sarcophagus is a miniature temple, as the
temple itself is a beautified and idealized house; but in Greece every
form of monument soon acquires a decoration specially suited to it; thus
the form and decoration of this tomb are an able adaptation rather than
a survival.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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