Farther north, between the Straits of Fuca and the island of Sitka,
the shore resembles that of Maine, with its many islands, bays, and
inlets; a succession of long, narrow islands forms a barrier along the
coast, enclosing the shore waters, so as almost to make them into an
inland sea. But little fresh water empties upon this part of the
coast, and here, where the salt water is little modified by any
deposit from the land, but where the violence of the ocean is broken
by this barrier of islands, there is a full development of marine
life. The shores of the Gulf of Georgia, and those of Vancouver's
Island, seem to be especially the home of the Star-fishes. The fauna
of this locality has been but little investigated, and yet the number
of species of Star-fishes known from there is greater than from any
other region; many of them are of colossal size, measuring some four
feet in diameter. This coast seems also very favorable for the
development of Hydroids, in consequence of which its waters swarm with
a variety of Jelly-fishes. The Pennatula, that pretty compound
Halcyonoid, with its feather-like sprays, is another characteristic
type of this fauna. Beyond this, from Sitka to Behring's Straits, the
same rocky coast prevails as in Labrador and Greenland. In Behring's
Straits we return again to the forests of beautiful compound Mollusks,
or rather to a variety of "representative species," resembling the
Bryozoa and Ascidians so abundant in Baffin's Bay. The depth of the
water, however, is much less here than on the corresponding Atlantic
coast, where, south of Greenland, along the shore of Labrador, the
water is very deep, while in Behring's Straits the depth is not
greater than from one hundred to one hundred and twenty fathoms. The
respective faunæ of these two shores are also affected by the
difference of temperature, the cold current from Baffin's Bay sweeping
down upon the coast of Labrador, while, through Behring's Straits, the
warm current from the Pacific pours into the Arctic Ocean.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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