[Sidenote: F] XXXV. ‘So much for that! May it reassure any one who is
surprised at our dividing the natural processes of becoming and mutation
into so many classes! Now comes another point, which I will ask you all
to consider with me. Of the ultimate first principles, by which I mean
unity and the undelimited two, the latter, as the element of all
shapelessness and disorder, has been called Infinity; but unity by its
nature limits and arrests what is void and irrational and undetermined
in [Sidenote: 429] Infinity, and imparts shape, and fits it to receive
and endure that definition of things apprehended by the senses which is
implied in counting. These principles appear first in connexion with
number; but I would rather say, universally, that plurality is not
number until unity supervenes, as form upon matter, and cuts off from
undetermined Infinity, more on this side, less on that. For plurality in
each case only becomes number when it is determined by unity. Again, if
unity be struck off, the undetermined two throws all into a confusion
without balance or limit or measure. Now since form is not a withdrawal
[Sidenote: B] of underlying matter but is shape and order thereof, both
principles must necessarily be found in number, and hence arises the
first and greatest difference or dissimilarity. The undetermined
principle is the constructive cause of the even, the better one of the
odd. Two is the first of the even numbers, three of the odd; out of them
comes five, in its composition common to both lists, in its effect, odd.
For when the sensible and corporeal was to be divided into several
parts, in virtue of the inherent cogency of the Other, their number must
not be the first even nor yet the first odd, but the third, that formed
out of these, so that it may take its origin from both [Sidenote: C]
principles, that which constructs the even and that which constructs the
odd; for neither could possibly be separated from the other; each
possesses the nature and power of a principle. Both principles then
being paired, the better one checked the indeterminate when it was
dividing up the corporeal; and prevailed; when matter was being
distributed between the two it set unity in the middle, and did not
allow an equal division of the whole. So a plurality of worlds has been
brought into being by the “Other” quality in the undetermined, and by
difference; but that plurality is odd, made so by the operation of “the
Same” and “the Determinate”, and odd in such a sense that Nature was not
allowed to advance beyond what was best. For if the unity had been
without admixture [Sidenote: D] and pure, matter would have been exempt
from any breaking up whatever; but as it has been mingled with the
discriminative power of the two, separation and division were so far
accepted; but there it stopped, the even overcome by the odd.
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