Selections from Early Middle English, 1130-1250. Part 2: Notes
General
Selections from Early Middle English, 1130-1250. Part 2: Notes
English literature -- Middle English, 1100-1500
heo wende[;] toward þissen londe,’ L 11634, 5; ‘Leir king wende on
a{n}ne feld[;] ⁊ reste hine on folden,’ L 3510, 11: l. 215, read bule
hude: l. 224, read nome þare; comp. ‘Þa andswarede eorles þare[;] Alle
we beoð ȝarẹwe,’ L 27332, 3. iii. Substitution of forms: read l. 5,
cnihtes; l. 110 alle; ll. 149, 178, wule; comp. ‘Ȝif ȝe hit lusten
wlle,’ L 919: read l. 159, stilliche; l. 196, iwille : alle; l. 233,
rideren. iv. Words rearranged mostly in a prose order: read l. 3, icumen
weoren to londe; l. 14, wenden gunne; l. 82, nohtes ne beoþ; l. 83, ich
eou wullẹ; l. 129, ⁊ awæi floȝen swuðe[;] forð an ælche helue; l. 214,
ænne wisne mon he hæfden; l. 232, hider liðen; l. 250, Bord heo breden
hetten[;] cnihtes þer to setten (Bartels 35). v. Padding: omit l. 9,
and; l. 23, aer; l. 31, we; l. 86, muchele; l. 88, lond; l. 93, heore
scipen; l. 97, heore; l. 113, read mani oht mon: omit l. 121, ofte; l.
128, þa; l. 218, noht; l. 248, mid him; l. 252 þa (wes); l. 285, þissen;
l. 293 read hire for þat mæiden.
Elision takes place under the usual conditions, auerẹ 7, 132, cnihtenẹ
55, 89, sendẹ 198, bezstẹ 200, hudẹ 217, but hiatus is not infrequent,
þinge 61, swiðe 84, alle 135, fæire 144, fulliche 183, hafde 212. In
trisyllabic words the vowel of the middle syllable sometimes suffers
syncope, as neoðẹles 83, hengẹstes 232, nauẹre 23, læuẹdi 65, naeuẹden
228, similarly answerẹde 21, 29, 55 and generally bịliue, weorẹn. The
added n has small share in the metrical scheme; of the twenty-six
certain instances of its use, three, rihten 20, cumen 24, comen 235,
prevent hiatus, to which, however, the poet seems indifferent; once it
makes a rhyme, hallen : men 259; twice it is in excess cunnen : wunne
188, Rouwenne : wimmonnen 270; once it rhymes with itself, hæfden :
craften 214 (as emended above); four times it completes a rhyme, driȝen
: liuen 25, iwiten : wurðscipen 26, ræden : dæden 110, innen : monnen
112; the remaining instances are whænnenen 27, wullen 30, 88, 184,
duȝeðen 166, næueden 228, burhȝen 251, weoren 266, bitæhten 284.
Doubtful are runen 148, ronen 156, leoden 165, 285, laȝen 278, 285; but
they are most probably weak forms, and it may well be that the use of n
spread from such cases to other forms. It is noteworthy that, out of
these twenty-seven instances, the added n appears sixteen times at the
end of line or half-line.
(2) =Of O.= The author of this recension had little regard for the metre
of his original; ll. 68, 93, 112, 193, 226, 265, 297 are quite formless.
Two lines are compressed into one, mostly unmetrical, at 67, 90, 157,
159, 173. Rhyme is substituted for alliteration at 114, 123, 131, 133,
149, 178, 221, 245; occasionally attempts are made to improve the rhyme,
as at 35, 63, 253. At l. 7 a prose order is adopted; archaic words and
phrases are rejected at 92, 108, 138, 139, 184, 207, 230, 251, 258, 267,
273, 278 &c.
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