Selections from Early Middle English, 1130-1250. Part 2: Notes
General
Selections from Early Middle English, 1130-1250. Part 2: Notes
English literature -- Middle English, 1100-1500
14. #ryueþ#, rakes: Icel. rifja, to rake hay into rows: ‘Ryvyn, or
rakyn,’ Prompt. Parvul. ed. Mayhew, col. 386. #on o streng#: so B, but C
in one strench, which would represent OE. #strenc#, a by-form of
#streng#, recorded in _Funiculus, modicum funus_, rap _uel_ strenc,
Wright, Vocabularies 245/6, just as drench, wrench represent #drenc#,
#wrenc#. If that be the case here, then C agrees with BJ, save in the
preposition _in_. For Death armed with a rake comp. ‘Hwen he com to
arudden | of deaðes rake oðre, | hwi deide he him seoluen?’ SK 1137:
Satan is often so represented, ‘Þer is sathanas þe qued · | redi wyþ his
rake,’ OEM 181/213; SM 11/11; SK, MS. C 917. Death sweeps in his victims
with his rope; ‘Ded has vs wit-sett vr strete, | · | All sal we rin into
his rape,’ CM 23727; ‘Ded sal rug us til his rape,’ CM 21920; ‘Deþ shal
take vs al in rape,’ id. MS. T. The conception then is that of Death
sweeping in all sorts and conditions with the same rope. It is just
possible that the reading of C, strench, is meant for strech, i.e.
stretch, the word still used in Dorsetshire for ‘the space taken in at
one stretch of the rake,’ EDD. v. 813. Streche is not common at this
period, but comp. 42/231; ‘on his modes streche,’ OEH i. 111/25, in the
sweep, or compass, of his mind.
15. #fox#, _adj._: comp. 187/351; ‘fox of fyl’ (_read_ wil), Horst.,
S.A.L. 12/251; Orm 230/6646: for #wrench#, comp. ‘Alse þe fox þe mid his
wrenches walt oðer deor[;] ⁊ haueð his wille þerof,’ OEH ii. 195/7.
16. B has, ne mai him noma{n} to yenes.
17. #þreting#, menace, or possibly upbraiding: B has weping. The nouns
#þreting#, #bene#, #Mede#, &c., are subjects of may, l. 16.
18. #Mede#, bribery: B reads, ne listes ne leches drench.
21. Possibly a reference to the advice given at 27/288.
23. Do as He who bringeth thee to thy end taught thee and said. Comp.
27/282-286.
25. #mysdo#, misfare. B leaves out #þenne# and the whole of the
following line, which means, But thou hast good reason to live in fear
and trembling. ‘A peyne joie avra un sul jur | Ke de sa fyn bien
pensera,’ MS. Lambeth 522, Archiv lxiii. 76/23.
27. #such#, such and such a man, indefinitely.
29. #luteþ#, lurkeþ. Comp. ‘Ja n’ert tant prus ne tant vaillanz, | Ne
tant de richesces en avra, | Ke tuit nel perde a un launz: | Kar mort
tapit enmi sun gaunt, | Kant meyns quide | Chescun,’ Archiv lxiii.
76/33; ‘within the hollow crown | That rounds the mortal temples of a
king | Keeps Death his court,’ Shakspere, K. Richard II, iii. ii. 160.
The reading of B, ‘deþ him ledes on his sóó,’ apparently means, death on
his shoes (OE. #scōum#) directs his footsteps.
33. #fule fulþe#: comp. 134/94. ‘Cum faex, cum limus, cum res vilissima
simus, | Unde superbimus? Ad terram terra redimus,’ Hauréau, Notices,
vi. 124.
37. Comp. ‘Quor deades strenge warp him dun,’ GE 21/714.
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