=187=: 29. =Heresy of= (_a_) =Tertullian=, (_b_) =Sabellius=. (_a_) Modified Montanism; belief in rigid asceticism, the Montanists being, according to their doctrine, "Pneumatics," the Catholics, "Psychics," _i.e._ men of heaven, men of earth. (_b_) A heresy which attempted to _explain_ the Trinity, and which denied the Personality of Jesus Christ. =188=:28. =Scholastic philosophy.= A constructive system founded by Aristotle, Christianized by Boethius, amplified by St. Anselm, Albert the Great, and others, perfected as a school, in its being harmonized with theology, by St. Thomas of Aquin. Love of subtilizing and of display, and barbarity of terminology, caused its decline after the thirteenth century. Political and religious strife also accelerated decadence, until the Council of Trent restored philosophy to its true position as queen of human sciences and handmaid of Religion. The chief feature of Christian scholastic philosophy is the harmonizing of natural and supernatural truth, _i.e._ the unifying of philosophy and theology, or the perfect conciliation of reason with faith--_distinction_ without _opposition_. =192=: 10. =The Seven Arts.= The Trivium and Quadrivium: Grammar, Logic, Rhetoric; Music, Arithmetic, Astronomy, and Geometry,--these seven comprising the Liberal Arts. =193=: 19. =John of Salisbury.= Noted English scholar of the twelfth century. In disfavor with Henry II, because of his defense of St. Thomas à Becket. =195=: 17. St. James iii. 17. =195=: 23. St. James iii. 6. =196=: 21. =Samson and Solomon.= Type of bodily and of spiritual strength--strength forfeited by folly. One of Newman's striking comparisons. =199=: 18. =Heu, vitam....= Alas, I have wasted my life by doing nothing thoroughly. POETRY ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE =Introductory Note.= This instructive Essay on poetry forms one of the series titled _Critical and Historical Essays_. Cardinal Newman's own gifts and tastes for music and poetry render his appreciation of these arts keen, delicate, and true. =200= to =203=. =Nature and office of poetry.= A profound and beautiful definition of poetry and of the poetical mind. =203=: 1. (_a_) =Iliad.= (_c_) =Choëphoræ.= (_a_) Epic of the _Fall of Troy_ by Homer. (_b_) A tragedy by Æschylus, so named from the chorus that bear offerings to the tomb of Agamemnon. =203=: 26. (_a_) =Empedocles.= (_b_) =Oppian.= (_a_) A Sicilian; haughty, passionate; proclaimed himself a god; plunged into the crater of Mt. Etna. (_b_) A Greek poet of Cilicia; lived in the second century. =208=: 15. =The Divine vengeance.= Does not the same criticism apply to Milton's Satan, a majestic spirit, punished beyond his due, and therefore worthy our admiration and pity? Compare Dante and Milton in their conception of Lucifer. =210=: 17. =Eloquence mistaken for poetry.= A finely distinguished truth, which explains why much rhetoric, even declamation, passes in our day for poetry.