Arnold Lorand, an Australian physician,[154] bases his work on the principle that man does not die but kills himself. He does not philosophize but tells us that while it is impossible to create a young man out of an old one, it is quite within the bounds of possibility to prolong our youthfulness by ten or twenty years. In other words, we need no longer grow old at forty or fifty. We may live on to the age of 90 or 100 years instead of dying at 60 or 70. Old age is just as amenable to treatment as chronic diseases. He has great faith in the present possibilities and still larger hopes for the future of serum therapy, for to him life is most of all connected with the glands. He discourses upon the hygiene of throat, lungs, heart, kidney, liver, stomach, bowels, reproductive organs, and the rest with a bewildering volume of details but good perspective, and the reader is again disheartened to find that the treatment prescribed for one organ is deleterious to another. Indeed, Lorand’s somewhat encyclopedic and undigested data, despite the common sense and practical spirit in which they are presented, bear, on the whole, less upon old age itself than upon general hygiene at all stages of life, so that his title is to that extent a misnomer. He sums up his practical conclusions in the form of twelve commandments, which are, briefly, to keep in the open and take plenty of exercise; eat according to rule; bathe and move the bowels daily; wear porous underclothes; early to bed and rise; sleep where it is dark and quiet; rest one day each week; avoid emotional strain; get married; be temperate in the use of alcohol, tobacco, tea, and coffee; and avoid over-eating and -heating. * * * * * T. D. Crothers, M.D.,[155] thinks we have not sufficiently considered the abilities of old age from a medico-legal standpoint. He also thinks that if we do not live to be 100 something is wrong with us or our ancestors. We all carry a large reserve that many die without drawing upon, and this reserve is especially available in old age (he develops this point psychologically). Many old people with melancholia, hallucinations, and the characteristic physical defects of old age have, nevertheless, a higher kind of sanity to which their juniors do an injustice by the tests they propose. They are quite capable of making wills and otherwise deciding the large questions that come before them and often do so from a broader point of view than younger men. It is possible, then, to rise to a higher level, to a kind of graduate school of life, to use the unused, etc. Again, the varied experiences of long life give mobility of mood up and down what Adler calls the life line, so that the old have a larger assortment of viewpoints and even moods, to say nothing of greater ups and downs in horizon and standpoint generally. * * * * *