Senescence, the Last Half of LifeHall, G. Stanley (Granville Stanley)
Science
Senescence, the Last Half of Life
Hall, G. Stanley (Granville Stanley)
Geriatrics
To solve this problem bits of the heart and blood vessels of a chick
embryo were grown. These growths were immersed in salt solution for a
few minutes and then placed in the new plasma and it was soon found
that thus the tissue could be made to live on indefinitely. Growth is
more rapid the earlier the stage of it and it soon declines; hence
the advantage of using tissue from embryos. But by subjecting these
artificial growths to washings it was found that they were many times
greater at the end than at the commencement of the month, showing that
they do not grow old at all. Thus C. Pozzi says:
The pulsations of a bit of heart which had diminished in number
and intensity or ceased could be revived to a normal state by
washing and passage through a new solution. In a secondary
culture two fragments of heart, separated by a free space, beat
strongly and regularly, the larger fragment 92, the smaller
120 times a minute. For three days the number and intensity
of pulsations of the two parts varied slightly. On the fourth
they diminished considerably in intensity, the large fragment
beating 40, the smaller 90 times. When the culture was washed
and placed in a new medium, the pulsations again became strong,
the larger one 20, the smaller one 60 times a minute. At the
same time, the fragments grew rapidly, and in eight hours they
were united and formed a mass of which all the parts beat
synchronously.
Pozzi again says:
On January 17 the fragment of a chicken heart embryo was placed
in plasma. It grew readily on a thick crown of conjunctive
cells. In three days the pulsations, which were regular and
strong at the beginning, grew feeble and ceased completely,
and this state continued for more than a month. On the 29th of
February, the culture, which had been subjected to fourteen
passages, was dissected and the central film placed in a new
medium. After the fifteenth passage it contracted rhythmically,
with pulsations as strong and frequent as on January 17,
_viz._, from 120 to 130 per minute. During March and April this
fragment of a heart continued to beat from 60 to 120 times per
minute. As the growth of the conjunctive tissue became more
active, it was necessary, before each passage, to extirpate
the new connective tissue formed around the muscle. On April
17 the fragment beat 92 times, agitating all the mass of the
tissue and the neighboring parts of the middle of the culture.
On May 1 the pulsations were feeble and they were given their
thirty-fifth passage. In the manipulation the muscular tissue
was stretched and torn so that the contractions ceased.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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