Seventeen Talks on the Banking Question: Between Uncle Sam and Mr. Farmer, Mr. Banker, Mr. Lawyer, Mr. Laboringman, Mr. Merchant, Mr. ManufacturerFowler, Charles N. (Charles Newell)
History
Seventeen Talks on the Banking Question: Between Uncle Sam and Mr. Farmer, Mr. Banker, Mr. Lawyer, Mr. Laboringman, Mr. Merchant, Mr. Manufacturer
Fowler, Charles N. (Charles Newell)
Banks and banking -- United States; Currency question -- United States
MR. MANUFACTURER: The experience of the other New England States is
practically the same as that you have just recited in Connecticut. In
1717 the Council of New Hampshire was zealous to follow the fashion of
issuing paper money by loan and issued £15,000.
Rhode Island, also, in July, 1710, on its first emission of Bills
of Credit, declared them equal in value to "money," and made them
receivable in all public payments. In November, 1711, Rhode Island
discharged a claim by a loan of its Bills of Credit to the amount of
£300 for four years free of interest.
New Jersey, too, tried its hand at the same scheme, following the lead
of Pennsylvania. In December, 1783, it issued £31,250, and in 1786, it
struggled hard to issue a larger amount, but William Patterson, who
was afterwards a member of the Supreme Court, resisted the proposal
with inflexible courage, and here are some of the words which he
employed: "An increase of paper money, especially if it be a tender,
will destroy what little credit is left, will bewilder conscience in
the mazes of dishonest speculations, will allure some and constrain
others into the perpetration of knavish acts, will turn vice into a
legal virtue, and sanctify iniquity by law. Men have, in the ordinary
transactions of life, temptations enough to lead them from the path
of rectitude; why then pass laws for the purpose, or give legislative
sanction to positive acts of iniquity? Lead us not into temptation
is a part of our Lord's prayer worthy of attention at all times, and
especially at the present."
In March, 1723, when there was universal peace, borrowers undermined
the scruples of Pennsylvania, and that colony issued bills of credit
for loans to individuals, and not only compelled creditors to receive
the bills at par, or "lose their debts," but ordered sellers to
receive them at their nominal value in the sale of goods, or lands, or
tenements or "forfeit a sum from 30 shillings to £50."
Again, on March 21, 1783, Pennsylvania, which hardly knew what it was
doing and had not yet gathered up the strength of its will, was the
first to renew in peace the evil usage of the times of war, and issued
$300,000 in what was called Treasury Notes, the lowest of one-quarter
of a dollar, the highest at twenty dollars. Two years later, but after
great resistance, its legislature issued £150,000, the lowest note
of 3 pence. But in the decisive hour Pennsylvania, too, proved the
implacable foe of paper money.
In 1733, £90,000 in its bills of credit were brought into circulation
by loans of 4 per cent by the legislature of Maryland.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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