[Footnote 236: Cf. pp. 208ff. of this volume.] [Footnote 237: William James, _Principles of Psychology_, Vol. II, p. 435.] [Footnote 238: "The Evolution of Modesty," _Psychological Review_, Vol. VI, pp. 134ff.] [Footnote 239: James, _loc. cit._, p. 436.] [Footnote 240: Darwin's explanation of shyness, modesty, shame, and blushing as due originally to "self-attention directed to personal appearance, in relation to the opinion of others," appears to me to be a very good statement of some of the aspects of the process, but hardly an adequate explanation of the process as a whole. (Darwin, _Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals_, p. 326.)] [Footnote 241: James R. Angell and Helen B. Thompson, "A Study of the Relations between Certain Organic Processes and Consciousness," _University of Chicago Contributions to Philosophy_, Vol. II, No. 2, pp. 32-69.] [Footnote 242: The paralysis of extreme fear seems to be a case of failure to accommodate when the equilibrium of attention is too violently disturbed. (See Mosso, _La peur_, p. 122.)] [Footnote 243: Cf. pp. 108ff. of this volume.] [Footnote 244: "Sex and Primitive Morality," pp. 149ff.] [Footnote 245: Without making any attempt to classify the emotions, we may notice that they arise out of conditions connected with both the nutritive and reproductive activities of life; and it is possible to say that such emotions as anger, fear, and guilt show a more plain genetic connection with the conflict aspect of the food-process, while modesty is connected rather with sexual life and the attendant bodily habits.] [Footnote 246: Groos, _The Play of Animals_, p. 285. The utility of these antics is well explained by Professor Ziegler in a letter to Professor Groos: "Among all animals a highly excited condition of the nervous system is necessary for the act of pairing, and consequently we find an exciting playful prelude is very generally indulged in" (Groos, _loc. cit._, p. 242); and Professor Groos thinks that the sexual hesitancy of the female is of advantage to the species, as preventing "too early and too frequent yielding to the sexual impulse" (_loc. cit._, p. 283).] [Footnote 247: Old women among the natural races often lose their modesty because it is no longer of any use. Bonwick says that the Tasmanian women, though naked, were very modest, but that the old women were not so particular on this point. (Bonwick, _The Daily Life of the Tasmanians_, p. 58.)] [Footnote 248: _Native Tribes of Central Australia_, p. 556.] [Footnote 249: A.C. Haddon, "The Ethnography of the Western Tribes of Torres Straits," _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, Vol. XIX, p. 397; cf. also "The Psychology of Exogamy," pp. 175ff. of this volume.] [Footnote 250: _Loc. cit._, p. 336.] [Footnote 251: Bonwick, _loc. cit._, p. 24.] [Footnote 252: Karl von den Steinen, _Unter den Naturvölkern Zentral-Brasiliens_, p. 192.] [Footnote 253: Spencer and Gillen, _loc. cit._, p. 572.]