Sex-linked Inheritance in DrosophilaMorgan, Thomas Hunt
Science
Sex-linked Inheritance in Drosophila
Morgan, Thomas Hunt
Drosophila; Heredity
Several mutations have appeared in which the wings are not flat. Of these
the first that appeared was curved (second chromosome), in which the wings
are curved downward throughout their length, but are elevated and held out
sidewise from the body; the texture is thinner than normal. The second of
these wing mutants to appear was jaunty (second chromosome), in which the
wings turn up sharply at the tip; they lie in the normal position. The
third mutant, arc (second chromosome), has, as its name implies, its wings
curved like the arc of a circle. The fourth mutant, bow (first chromosome,
fig. C), is like arc, but the amount of curvature is slightly less. The
fifth mutant, depressed (first chromosome, fig. G), has the tip of its
wings turned down instead of up, as in jaunty, but, as in jaunty, the wing
is straight, except near the tip, where it bends suddenly. These stocks
have been kept separate since their origin, and flies from them have seldom
been crossed to each other, because in the succeeding generations it would
be almost impossible to make a satisfactory classification of the various
types. But that they are genetically different mutations is at once shown
on crossing any two, when wild-type offspring are produced. For instance,
bow and arc are the two most nearly alike. Mated together (bow [male] by
arc [female]), they give in F_1 straight-winged flies which inbred give in
F_2 9 straight to 7 not-straight (_i.e._, bow, arc, and bow arc together).
Depressed wings first appeared (April 1913) among the males of a culture of
black flies. They were mated to their sisters and from subsequent
generations both males and females with depressed wings were obtained which
gave a pure stock. This new character proved to be another sex-linked
recessive.
LINKAGE OF DEPRESSED AND BAR.
Depressed (not-bar) males mated to (not-depressed) bar females gave bar
daughters. Two of these were back-crossed singly to depressed males and
gave the results shown in table 49. Males and females were not separated,
since they should give the same result.
TABLE 49.--_P_1 depressed_ [female] [female] x _bar_ [female] [female].
_B.C. F_1 bar_ [female] x _depressed_ [male] [male].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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