_Tectonic Movements_ The sedimentary rocks have been subject to considerable folding and faulting. From the direction of the folds and the general trend of the line of schistosity it would appear that the pressure had come from the S.S.W. or N.N.E. _Age_ A few fossils of a very indefinite character were obtained, and are now being worked out.[16] Provisionally it may be said that one, a fossil plant probably of the Araucaria type, points to an age not older than lower carboniferous. ELEPHANT ISLAND.—_Lat. 61° S. Long. 55° W._ This is one of the easterly islands in the Powell group of the South Shetlands, and was only landed on at two points, Lookout Harbour and Minstrel Bay. _Topography_ The features of Elephant Island probably are similar to what those of South Georgia were before the intense glacial erosion sculptured the island as already described. [Illustration: POWELL GROUP SOUTH SHETLANDS] It is a plateau 300 feet at the rim, but rising gently towards the interior. It appeared to be covered by an ice sheet, and the same may be said of Clarence Island, which lies a few miles to the eastward; only in the latter case there was a definite cliff of ice visible above the rock face. The glaciers were more of the hanging than of the valley type. Especially was this so on the west coast. _Geology_ The rock specimens collected and the little mapping which was done indicate that the island is composed mostly of sedimentary rocks which have been much metamorphosed. Phyllites predominated, but various schists, slates and banded limestones were also seen. ZAVODOVSKI.—_Lat. 56° S. Long. 27° W._ This island, the most northerly in the South Sandwich group, was not landed on by the members of the _Quest_, and the following observations from the ship must be considered only probable and in no way certain. The island is of volcanic origin, rising as a cone from the sea. The upper levels were not seen by us, but the height of the summit is given by Bellingshausen as 1,200 feet. The cliff rises vertically from the sea about 40 feet, and then there is a long, gentle slope gradually getting steeper. The lava flows seen on the cliff face appeared to consist of a compact columnar basalt at the base. Above there was a line of red cinder, and above this again what looked to be rough pahoehoe lava. A number of clefts and vents were seen on the face of the cliff, and from these there issued bluish fumes. Soundings with the Kelvin were taken every half-mile or so, and the material collected corresponds with the basalts and cinder mentioned. It was unfortunate that we were unable to visit the other islands in this group, for with the exception of the scanty reports of Bellingshausen, C. A. Larsen and a German expedition, the geology and natural history are practically unknown, and the existing charts are not by any means complete. PETROLOGICAL REPORT, by W. CAMPBELL SMITH, M.C., M.A., British Museum of Natural History.