Shakespearean Tragedy: Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethBradley, A. C. (Andrew Cecil)
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Shakespearean Tragedy: Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth
Bradley, A. C. (Andrew Cecil)
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Tragedies
It has been suggested that in the old play Hamlet was a mere lad; that
Shakespeare, when he began to work on it,[255] had not determined to
make Hamlet older; that, as he went on, he did so determine; and that
this is the reason why the earlier part of the play makes (if it does
so) a different impression from the later. I see nothing very improbable
in this idea, but I must point out that it is a mistake to appeal in
support of it to the passage in V. i. as found in Q1; for that passage
does not in the least show that the author (if correctly reported)
imagined Hamlet as a lad. I set out the statements in Q2 and Q1.
Q2 says:
(1) The grave-digger came to his business on the day when old
Hamlet defeated Fortinbras:
(2) On that day young Hamlet was born:
(3) The grave-digger has, at the time of speaking, been sexton
for thirty years:
(4) Yorick's skull has been in the earth twenty-three years:
(5) Yorick used to carry young Hamlet on his back.
This is all explicit and connected, and yields the result that Hamlet is
now thirty.
Q1 says:
(1) Yorick's skull has been in the ground a dozen years:
(2) It has been in the ground ever since old Hamlet overcame
Fortinbras:
(3) Yorick used to carry young Hamlet on his back.
From this nothing whatever follows as to Hamlet's age, except that he is
more than twelve![256] Evidently the writer (if correctly reported) has
no intention of telling us how old Hamlet is. That he did not imagine
him as very young appears from his making him say that he has noted
'this seven year' (in Q2 'three years') that the toe of the peasant
comes near the heel of the courtier. The fact that the Player-King in Q1
speaks of having been married forty years shows that here too the writer
has not any reference to Hamlet's age in his mind.[257]
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote 255: Of course we do not know that he did work on it.]
[Footnote 256: I find that I have been anticipated in this remark by H.
Tuerck (_Jahrbuch_ for 1900, p. 267 ff.)]
[Footnote 257: I do not know if it has been observed that in the opening
of the Player-King's speech, as given in Q2 and the Folio (it is quite
different in Q1), there seems to be a reminiscence of Greene's
_Alphonsus King of Arragon_, Act IV., lines 33 ff. (Dyce's _Greene and
Peele_, p. 239):
Thrice ten times Phoebus with his golden beams
Hath compassed the circle of the sky,
Thrice ten times Ceres hath her workmen hir'd,
And fill'd her barns with fruitful crops of corn,
Since first in priesthood I did lead my life.]
NOTE D.
'MY TABLES--MEET IT IS I SET IT DOWN.'
This passage has occasioned much difficulty, and to many readers seems
even absurd. And it has been suggested that it, with much that
immediately follows it, was adopted by Shakespeare, with very little
change, from the old play.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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