Shipbuilding from its beginnings. Vol. 1 (of 3)Konijnenburg, E. van (Emile)
History
Shipbuilding from its beginnings. Vol. 1 (of 3)
Konijnenburg, E. van (Emile)
Shipbuilding -- History; Ships -- History
The number of the _Annales de Travaux Publics_ of Belgium for August
1901 contains a detailed study of the Inland Navigation floating
stock circulating in Belgium. This study is the work of Mr. ~Dehem~,
Principal Engineer of the Ponts et Chaussées. It contains a description
of the types of boats in use on the French and Belgian canals. These
types of boats, built especially for these canals, are of no historic
value. As they are seen frequently, however, on the Zuid-Willemsvaart
(the canal from Maastricht to Bois-le-Duc), a brief description of
these boats, called “Ballanten” in Holland, will not be out of place.
They can be classified, as a rule, as follows[26]:
~A~) Baquets of Charleroi;
~B~) Walloon boats or “péniches”.
[Sidenote: II 257]
[Sidenote: II 265]
The boat of group ~A~, called “Bak” in Flemish, is a parallelopipedon
in shape. Its average length is 19.50 m.; its breadth, 2.60 to 2.65 m.;
it draws from 0.35 m. to 0.40 m. when light and 1.80 m. when fully
laden. With the latter draught its tonnage oscillates between 67 and 71
tons. This type of boat was introduced particularly for navigation on
the Charleroi canal, of which the old small locks have a neat length of
19 metres and a breadth of 2.70 m. The clear height of the permanent
bridges on this navigable highway varies from 2.65 m. to 3 metres.
These boats cost from 4500 to 7500 francs.
The boat of group ~B~, called “Waal” in Flemish, is also a box having
the shape of a parallelopipedon with a flat bottom and nearly plane
sides. According to the differences in shape of the bow and stern,
these boats are known by different names, such as: 1ᵒ Tournai boat; 2ᵒ
chaland; 3ᵒ bélandre; 4ᵒ pointu.
It should be said, however, that the last two names should be assigned
rather to old types and that the first two should be reserved for the
large canal boats (_péniches_) generally built at present.
The Tournai boat has the forward and after faces rounded and a quite
marked curve in the vertical plane, so that the boat shows a curved
stem called the _nose_. The forward face carries a bend called the
moustache and has on top a wooden rail to support the tow line which is
made fast to the towing bitt back of the nose.
In the _chaland_, called also “Ballant”, the forward and after faces
are nearly plane, the nose and moustache are slightly marked and the
towing bitt is placed at the extreme forward end of the boat.
As a rule, these boats are not very strongly built and their planking
suffers a good deal through the sharp curves at bow and stern. Their
shape is so determined that they shall exactly fill the locks and
that they shall then have a maximum loading capacity, although it is
altogether incomprehensible that, just in order to get a few more tons
on board, the whole question of facility of towing should be entirely
neglected. What is gained then in one way is doubly lost in another in
high charges for towing.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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