Shipbuilding from its beginnings. Vol. 1 (of 3)Konijnenburg, E. van (Emile)
History
Shipbuilding from its beginnings. Vol. 1 (of 3)
Konijnenburg, E. van (Emile)
Shipbuilding -- History; Ships -- History
_Bokken_ are used almost exclusively for dredging and for taking out
sand from the downs in the West of the country and in the region of the
Rhine. Their shape is almost identical with that of the “Westlanders”
but there is no planking above the planksheer. In the province of
Utrecht, the _Slijkpramen_ are used for the same purpose. They
correspond to the “Kromme Rijnaak”, the general type of the Utrecht
boat. In the province of Groningen, mud is carried by the “Groninger
Slijkpraam”, or “Vlotpraam”, a narrow boat with a rounded bottom which
has nothing in common with the “Overijselsche praam” and which does not
resemble it in any way.
The forerunner of our dredges is the old _Moddermolen_ (literally, mud
mill) or _Moddermolenschip_ used at Amsterdam since 1575.
The _Zolderschuiten_ and the _Schouwen_, now called “Bakken”, may be
mentioned as very old boats. Vessels of this sort were supplied, in
1829, with trap doors in the bottom, whence come _Klepschouwen_ or
_Onderlossers_ (literally: boats discharging through the bottom).
Finally, it is proper to mention also, in the class of vessels under
consideration, the pleasure boats, or sailing Yachts, for which the
_Boeierjacht_ (in South Holland) and the _Tjotter_ (in Friesland) are
used as Dutch types.
It is important to note here that pleasure boats are most generally
called “Yachts”, even though these vessels have frequently no
resemblance to the Yacht properly so called. Hence the name does not
always mark the type.
V.
VESSELS FREQUENTING THE UPPER PARTS OF RIVERS (BOVENLANDERS).
All vessels which frequent the upper rivers are called generally
“Bovenlanders” be their shape what it may.
These vessels, in spite of the interest which they offer, have rarely
aroused attention; ~Witsen~ devotes only a few words to them and calls
them simply “Aaken” or “Samoreuzen” (p. 170, col. 2), and ~Van Yk~ also
gives them this latter name (p. 318).
~A~) _Boats of the Lower Rhine._
The Rhenish boats are of no uniform type. Those which frequent the
lower part of the river (below Bonn) differ from those which circulate
on the Upper Rhine and its tributaries, save for a small craft found on
the Neckar which corresponds with the type below.
The fundamental type of the downstream section is represented by the
_Dorstensche Aak_, and this latter has produced the _Stevenschip_.
These types, originating in the part of Western Germany of which Dorst
is the centre, were imported into our country and have existed there
for a very long time. This is why the “Geldersche Samoreuzen” are
already mentioned in the XVIIth century. Although badly shown, they are
to be seen also on old engravings. They are seen circulating on the
Lower Rhine and the Waal where they are called _Hollandsche Aaken_ and
_Stevenschepen_; even now, they are still built in North Brabant where
they have been in existence for a very long time.
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