In the beginning of the year 1760, Reynolds moved into the house on the
west side of Leicester Square which he occupied for the rest of his
life. It is now tenanted by Messrs. Puttick & Simpson, the Auctioneers.
Northcote has usefully recorded the following details his studio. His
painting-room was of an octagonal form, about twenty feet long and about
sixteen in breath. The window which gave the light to this room was
square, and not much larger than one half the size of a common window in
a private house, whilst the lower part of this window was nine feet four
inches from the floor. The chair for his sitters was raised eighteen
inches from the floor, and turned round on castors. His palettes were
those which are held by a handle, not those held on the thumb. The
sticks of his pencils (brushes) were long, measuring about nineteen
inches. He painted in that part of the room nearest the window, and
never sat down when he worked. As the actual methods of a great artist
are possibly of more value in a history of painting than the subjects,
or even the prices, of his pictures, I venture to quote the following
extracts from various parts of Sir Joshua's own memoranda:--
Never give the least touch with your pencil (_i.e._ brush) till you have
present in your mind a perfect idea of your future work.
Paint at the greatest possible distance from your sitter, and place the
picture ... near to the sitter, or sometimes under him, so as to see
both together.
In beautiful faces keep the whole circumference about the eye in a
mezzotinto, as seen in the works of Guido and the best of Carlo Maratti.
Endeavour to look at the subject or sitter from which you are painting,
as if it was a picture. This will in some degree render it more easy to
be copied.
In painting consider the object before you, whatever it may be, as more
made out by light and shadow than by lines.
A student should begin his career by a careful finishing and making out
the parts; as practice will give him freedom and facility of hand: a
bold and unfinished manner is commonly the habit of old age.
On painting a head--
Let those parts which turn or retire from the eye be of broken or mixed
colours, as being less distinguished and nearer the borders.
Let all your shadows be of one colour: glaze them till they are so.
Use red colours in the shadows of the most delicate complexions, but
with discretion.
Contrive to have a screen with red or yellow colour on it, to reflect
the light on the shaded part of the sitter's face.
Avoid the chalk, the brick dust, and the charcoal, and think on a pearl
and a ripe peach.
Avoid long continued lines in the eyes, and too many sharp ones.
Take care to give your figure a sweep or sway.
Outlines in waves, soft, and almost imperceptible against the
background.
Never make the contour too coarse.
Avoid also those outlines and lines which are equal, which make
parallels, triangles, etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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