The only changes in the old Cabinet, consequent on the death of its great chief, were the advance of Earl Russell to the Premiership and the appointment of Lord Clarendon to the Foreign Office. But the change in the House of Commons was as momentous as it was abrupt. The place of its old leader--the safe, the leisurely, the unemotional Palmerston--was filled by the restless and ardent, the uncertain Gladstone. The Conservatives were dispirited and anxious; they were afraid of what the new House of Commons might be led to do; party feeling began to acquire a new bitterness, the offspring of fear, which was to grow more and more intense until the final retirement of Mr. Gladstone in 1895. The Radicals, on the other hand, were sanguine and jubilant. Reinforced in numbers, and relieved from the restraint which the irresistible prestige of Palmerston had imposed on their aspirations, they felt that the moment for action had come; they had got a leader after their own hearts, and the first thing to do was to extend the franchise. But there was disappointment in store for them. Mr. Gladstone introduced his Bill on March 12; it pleased nobody. The Radicals detected in it the frigid hand of the Whigs, and the moderate Liberals, secretly detesting all schemes for a Democratic franchise, began by viewing it coldly, and gradually drifted into opposition with the Conservatives. Its most formidable opponent rose from the Ministerial Benches. Mr. Robert Lowe, whom an intimate acquaintance with Australasian politics had imbued with profound distrust for Democratic institutions, made a brilliant and fearless onslaught on the measure, and received all that rapturous applause which is the invariable reward of a strong man turning his weapons against his own party. Gradually he drew to himself a compact band of malcontents, whose memory might have passed into oblivion long ere this but for a happy metaphor employed by Mr. John Bright, who likened them to the men who gathered to David in the Cave of Adullam. "Every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him." People were tickled with the illustration: straightway the Liberal dissentients were dubbed Adullamites, and "a cave" has remained ever since the recognised term for a group of men combining to act against their own party. [Illustration: KING WILLIAM STREET, ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. In point of size, Adelaide holds the third place among Australian cities with a population (1891) of 133,252. South Australia now stretches right across the continent, and has an area of 578 million acres and a population (1895) of 357,405. It was first colonised in 1836, and constituted a self-governing Colony in 1856. Imports (1895), £5,680,880; exports, £7,352,742.]