Some of the States by law provided severe penalties against any of their citizens holding office under the Government of the United States. Virginia, in July, 1861, in convention, passed an ordinance declaring that any citizen of Virginia holding office under the old Government should be forever banished from that State, and if he undertook to represent the State in the Congress of the United States, he should, in addition, be guilty of treason and his property confiscated. The other Border States failed to break up their relation to the Union, though in all of them (Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri) various irregular expedients were resorted to, to declare them a part of the Confederacy. From their people, however, much material and moral support was given to the Confederate cause. (101) Jefferson's _Works_, viii., p. 403.--Notes on Virginia. (102) _Lincoln_ (Nicolay and Hay), vol. ii., pp. 299-314. (103) _Annual Cyclopaedia_ (Appleton), 1861, p. 123. (104) For this letter, see _Lincoln_ (N. and H.), vol. ii., p. 306. (105) The prophecy: "The rebellion, which began where Charleston is, shall end where Charleston _was_," was fulfilled. For a vivid, though sad description of Charleston at the end of the war, by an eye-witness, see _Civil war in Am._ (Draper), vol. i, p. 564. Andrew's Hall, where the first Ordinance passed, and the Institute in which it was signed, were then charred rubbish. The _Demon_ war had been abroad in Charleston--who respects not life or death. (106) Sam Houston was the rightful Governor of Texas in 1861, but on the adoption of an Ordinance of Secession (February 24, 1861) he declined to take an oath of allegiance to the new government and was deposed by a convention March 16, 1861. Just previous to the vote of the State on ratifying the ordinance, at Galveston, before an immense, seething, secession audience, with few personal friends to support him, in face of threatened violence, he denounced the impolicy of Secession, and painted a prophetic picture of the consequences that would result to his State from it. He said: