[211] See above, p. 65. _Cf._ also P. C. Plockhoy's principle laid down in his _Kort en Klaer Ontwerp_ (Amsterdam, 1662): "No lordship or servile slavery shall burden our Company." Quoted in Pennypacker, _Settlement of Germantown_, 204, 292. [212] "The Germans seldom hire men to work upon their farms." Rush, _An Account of the Manners of the German Inhabitants of Pennsylvania_ (1789), 24. "They never, as a general thing, had colored servants or slaves." _Ibid._, 24 (note by Rupp). "Slaves in Pennsylvania never were as numerous in proportion to the white population as in New York and New Jersey. To our German population this is certainly attributable--Wherever they or their numerous descendants located they preferred _their own_ labor to that of negro slaves." Buck, MS. _History of Bucks County_, 69. "Of all the nations who have settled in America, the Germans have availed themselves the least of the unjust and demoralizing aid of slavery." W. Grimshaw, _History of the United States_, 79. The truth of these statements is revealed in the tax-lists of the different counties. Thus, in Berks County there were 2692 German tax-payers (61%) and 1724 (39%) not Germans. Of these 44 Germans held 62 slaves, and 57 of other nationalities held 92 slaves. 3 _Pa. Arch._, XVIII, 303-430. In York County, where there were 2051 German property-holders (34%) and 3993 who were not Germans (66%), 27 Germans held 44 slaves as against 178 others who held 319 slaves. 3 _Pa. Arch._, XXI, 165-324. (Both these estimates are for 1780.) In Lancaster County the property-holders included approximately 3475 Germans (48%) and 3706 not Germans (52%). Here 31 Germans held 46 slaves, while 200 not Germans held 402 slaves. 3 _Pa. Arch._, XVII, 489-685 (1779). The records of the German churches rarely mention slaves.