Smeaton and Lighthouses: A Popular Biography, with an Historical Introduction and SequelAnonymous
History
Smeaton and Lighthouses: A Popular Biography, with an Historical Introduction and Sequel
Anonymous
Lighthouses; Smeaton, John, 1724-1792
In this state the whole was allowed to remain for about two years,
during which time every change in the surface of the sand was
observed, and although early in the year 1839 violent storms occurred,
yet the screw-piles stood firmly, and the sand at no time was lowered
more than three feet. In August 1840 the raft was found to have
completely settled down, the piles were as firm as if they had been
screwed into clay; a lighthouse was therefore erected within the short
space of three months; and on the 16th February, 1841, a dioptric
fixed light was exhibited off this dangerous spot, and was visible ten
miles off in all directions.
But while the preparatory steps for this lighthouse were being taken,
a screw-pile lighthouse was begun and completed at Port Fleetwood on
the Wyre, near Lancaster; which being the first of the kind ever
constructed, deserves particular notice.
The preparatory stages were of a similar nature to those already
described. The foundation was formed of seven screw-piles, six
occupying the angles of a hexagon forty-six feet in diameter, and the
seventh being placed in the centre. From each screw proceeded a pile
fifteen feet in length, at the upper end of which was another screw
for securing a wooden column. These columns were prepared of Baltic
timber; the one in the centre was fifty-six feet, and each of the
remainder forty-six feet in length, bound firmly round with iron hoops
and coated with pitch.
The framing upon which the house stands is firmly secured round the
centre column and to the heads of the outer columns by means of hollow
cast-iron capitals let down over the heads of the columns and secured
with screw-bolts. To give lateral strength to the building, round iron
angle-braces were applied, by which means a resisting power equal to
at least three hundred and fifty tons is presented in every direction.
The platform upon which the house stands is twenty-seven feet in
diameter. The dwelling-house is twenty feet in diameter, and nine feet
high: it has an outside door, and three windows, and is divided into
two apartments, one having a fire-place; the floor is tiled, and the
walls and ceiling lathed and stuccoed. Access to the platform is
secured by means of a Jacob’s ladder of wrought iron secured to one of
the columns: access to the lantern is by a winding stair within the
house.
From the summit of the house rises the lantern; it is twelve-sided,
ten feet in diameter, and eight feet high. The light is thus elevated
about forty-six feet above low-water level. It is of the dioptric
kind, and is bright, steady, and uniform, ranging over an horizon of
eight miles, and visible at the distance of ten miles from a coaster’s
deck. During foggy weather a bell is tolled by machinery. Tide-time
for vessels of twelve feet draft is also denoted by signals. Signals
put out by vessels requiring a Wyre pilot will also be understood at
this lighthouse, where corresponding signals are hoisted until the
pilot is provided.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account