Smeaton and Lighthouses: A Popular Biography, with an Historical Introduction and SequelAnonymous
History
Smeaton and Lighthouses: A Popular Biography, with an Historical Introduction and Sequel
Anonymous
Lighthouses; Smeaton, John, 1724-1792
The suggestion of metallic lighthouses originated a few years ago with
Captain Sir Samuel Brown, when it was proposed to place a lighthouse
on the Wolf Rock near Land’s End, a position where it would be exposed
to the most violent storms of the Atlantic. A plan for the erection of
a stone lighthouse on this point had already been drawn up by Mr.
Stevenson, which plan, Captain Brown thinks would require fifteen
years for its execution, and cost one hundred and fifty thousand
pounds. Captain Brown undertook to erect one of bronze ninety feet
high for fifteen thousand pounds, and to complete it in four months.
This plan, from whatever cause, was not entertained, and with the
exception of a small lighthouse erected on the Gravesend pier,
metallic lighthouses excited no attention until the year 1840, when
application was made to Mr. Alexander Gordon, the eminent engineer, by
the commissioners appointed by the House of Assembly, in the island of
Jamaica, to light a dangerous point in that island, called Morant
Point, for the erection of a suitable lighthouse at the smallest
possible cost. On this occasion Mr. Gordon proposed the erection of a
cast-iron structure, resembling in outline that of the Celtic towers
of Ireland. His plans and estimates having been accepted, they were
executed with remarkable celerity; and from an account furnished by
Mr. A. R. Renton, (the manager of the factory at which the work for
the lighthouse was done,) we derive most of the following particulars.
The advantage which iron, when not in contact with sea-water,
possesses over stone or other materials, is that upon a given base a
much larger internal capacity for dwellings and stories can be
obtained, with equal stability. With this material plates can be cast
in large surfaces, and with but few joints. A system of bonding the
plates may also be adopted, which will ensure the perfect combination
of every part, so as to form an entire mass, and thus the best form
for strength and stability can easily be obtained. From the
comparatively small bulk and weight of the component parts of the
structure great facilities are afforded for transporting and erecting
it. Thus, in less than three months from the date of the contract, the
lighthouse about to be described was cast and erected on the
contractor’s premises, and it was expected to have the light exhibited
in Jamaica in three months more. The whole expense was said not to
exceed one-third the cost of a similar building in stone.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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