Snakes: Curiosities and Wonders of Serpent LifeHopley, Catherine Cooper
Science
Snakes: Curiosities and Wonders of Serpent Life
Hopley, Catherine Cooper
Animal behavior; Snakes
‘Dans les Crotales cette extremité de la queue, au lieu d’être
pointue, se trouve comme tronquée, et, par une bizarrerie que nous
n’expliquons pas, il paraîtrait que les trois dernières pièces de la
colonne vertébrale se seraient soudées entre elles, et comme aplaties
pour composer un seul os triangulaire, avec trois bourrelets latéraux
simulant des restes d’apophyses transverses des vertèbres, ainsi
qu’on les voir souvent dans les trois dernières pièces du coccyx
chez l’homme. Cet os anormale a été disséqué chez un Crotale, on a
reconnu qu’il est recouvert d’une sorte de matière cartilagineuse dans
laquelle aurait été secretée la substance cornée, comme un epiderme
solide, qui conserve en effet extérieurement la forme de la pièce
osseuse, sur laquelle elle a été en quelque sorte moulée et qu’elle
semble destinée ainsi à protéger contre l’exfoliation, comme cela
s’observe dans ceux des animaux ruminants dont la corne revêt les
chevilles osseuse du véritable coronal prolongé en pointe et devenu de
cette façon une arme d’attaque, et surtout de defence.’[85]
Dumeril also tells us that the peculiar structure of those few terminal
vertebræ, with their knobs or pads (‘_bourrelets_’) upon which the skin
is moulded, tends to a movement lateral rather than up and down,—that
quick action which we perceive when the rattle is being vibrated.
Thus the horny covering takes the form of this bone with its lobes
or bulges, which instead of permitting the supposed cup-like nail to
fall off as in our finger illustration, causes the links as they are
pushed out to hang or cling together; and we can only suppose that the
constant action loosens, and not only loosens when dead or detached,
but loosens, that is to say, enlarges, the link while growing. For if
you examine the spine of a skeleton Crotalus and the rattle that grew
upon that spine, you will perceive that the links are a great deal
larger than the ‘_pièce osseuse sur laquelle elle a été en quelque
sorte moulée_.’
There is one other peculiarity observable in a detached rattle, which I
cannot pretend to explain in any way. If you hold one up by its base or
largest link, you will find it invariably hangs in a slight curve and
not perpendicularly. You can straighten it, but you will not be able to
curve it in the opposite direction, proving that it naturally inclines
one way, whether to the right or the left of the animal while living, I
cannot assert. But it is a curious feature, and one that can no doubt
be accounted for by scientific observers. Thus, as in the illustration
below, you can curve a rattle so as to discern the interior links on
one side, but not on the other. I have made the attempt with many
rattles, but always with the same result. The centre fig. below is a
section.
[Illustration: Natural position when held.
Straightened by force.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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