=2. The city-manager plan: what are its merits and its limitations?= =References=: H. A. TOULMIN, _The City Manager_, pp. 73-97; C. E. RIGHTOR, _The City Manager in Dayton_, pp. 31-56; E. C. MABIE, _Selected Articles on the City Manager Plan of Municipal Government_, _passim_ (Debaters’ Handbook series); T. S. CHANG, _History and Analysis of the Commission and City Manager Plans of Municipal Government_, pp. 158-220; NATIONAL MUNICIPAL LEAGUE, _The Story of the City Manager Plan_ (pamphlet); The Year Book of the City Managers’ Association and the National Municipal Review also contain recent material. Short Studies 1. =Characteristics of city populations.= W. B. MUNRO, _The Government of American Cities_, pp. 29-52. 2. =The city and the state.= C. A. BEARD, _American City Government_, pp. 31-51. 3. =The city charter.= H. G. JAMES, _Local Government in the United States_, pp. 304-311. 4. =The position and powers of the mayor.= W. B. MUNRO, _The Government of American Cities_, pp. 207-237; R. M. STORY, _The American Municipal Executive_, _passim_. 5. =The mayor as a human being.= BRAND WHITLOCK, _Forty Years of It_, especially pp. 205-236. 6. =The most striking mayor of his day.= TOM L. JOHNSON, _My Story_, pp. 108-143; CARL LORENZ, _Tom L. Johnson_, pp. 21-66. 7. =The city council.= F. J. GOODNOW and F. G. BATES, _Municipal Government_, pp. 179-229. 8. =Parties and politics in city government.= W. B. MUNRO, _The Government of American Cities_, pp. 153-179. 9. =The selection and training of city administrators.= HENRY BRUÈRE, _The New City Government_, pp. 335-361. 10. =How our cities have improved during the past twenty years.= W. B. MUNRO, _Principles and Methods of Municipal Administration_, pp. 1-29. Questions 1. If you compare a city of 100,000 people with a rural district of the same population, which would have (_a_) the larger income per capita; (_b_) the larger proportion of property owners; (_c_) the greater number of illiterates; (_d_) the greater number of criminals? Give reasons for your answer in each case. 2. Compare a city charter with a state constitution, pointing out wherein they are similar and wherein they are different. 3. Name some branches of administration which you think ought to be wholly under the jurisdiction of the city and free from state interference. 4. Which do you think is the better, municipal home rule or the optional charter plan? Why do you think so? 5. In mayor-and-council cities what are the principal powers and duties of the mayor? What are the chief functions of the city council? 6. State which of the following officials ought to be appointed by the mayor and which of them elected by the people, giving your reasons in each case: superintendent of streets, chief or commissioner of police, head of the fire department, city treasurer, overseers of the poor, members of the school board, public library trustees.