One detail in particular interested me. The Pine-chafer emits a musical note. The female is as gifted as the male. Does the lover make use of his faculty as a means of seduction and appeal? Does the female answer the chirp of her _innamorata_ by a similar chirp? That this may be so under normal conditions, amidst the foliage of the pines, is extremely probable; but I can make no assertion, as I have never heard anything of the kind either among the pines or in my laboratory. The sound is produced by the extremity of the abdomen, which gently rises and falls, rubbing, as it does so, with its last few segments, the hinder edge of the wing-covers, which are held firm and motionless. There is no special equipment on the rubbing surface nor on the surface rubbed. The magnifying-glass looks in vain for the fine striations usually found in the musical instruments of the insect world. All is smooth on either hand. How then is the sound engendered? Rub the end of the moistened finger on a strip of glass, or a window-pane, and you will obtain a very audible sound, somewhat analogous to that emitted by the chafer. Better still, use a scrap of indiarubber to rub the glass with, and you will reproduce with some fidelity the sound in question. If the proper rhythm is observed the imitation is so successful that one might well be deceived by it. In the musical apparatus of the Pine-chafer the pad of the finger-tip and the scrap of indiarubber are represented by the soft abdomen of the insect, and the glass is represented by the blade of the wing-cover, which forms a thin, rigid plate, easily set in vibration. The sound-mechanism of the Pine-chafer is thus of the very simplest description. INDEX A Acorn-Weevil, _see_ Elephant-Beetle Ameles, _see_ Mantis, the Grey Anacreon, on the Cigale, 9 Ant, fable of the Cigale and the, 1-16 Devours the Cigale, 9 Robs the Cigale, 8 Arum, Serpent or Putrid, the, attracts and captures insects by means of its offensive effluvia, 230-2 B _Balaninus_, _see_ Elephant-Beetle Bean, ancestry of, 258-9 Bean, _see_ Haricot Bean-Weevil, _see_ Weevil Bees, victims of Philanthus, _see_ latter Bembex, 168, 172 Bolboceras Gallicus, 217-37 Appearance of, 223 Habits and diet, 226-30 Lodging of, 225 _Bruchus pisi_, see Pea-Weevil _Bruchus lenti_, see Lentil-Weevil Buprestes, 21 C _Cacan_, the, 36-9 Capricornis, 21-2 Cerceris, 172, 178 Chrysomela, 151, 172 Cigale, the, 1-67 Burrow of the, 17-30 Deafness of the, 41-3 Diet, 7 Eggs of the, 45-67 Eggs, hatching of, 61-7 Eggs, method of laying, 50-4 Enemies of the, 47-50 Excavation, method of, 23-7 Fable of Ant and, 1-16 Larva of the, 17-30 Larva, habits of, 61-7 Mechanism of sound, 31-4 Pupa, emergence from, 28 Song of the, 2, 6, 31-44 Species of, 31-6 Cigalo e la Fournigo (Provencal poem), 10-16