Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne, Taken from Original SourcesAshton, John
History
Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne, Taken from Original Sources
Ashton, John
Great Britain -- History -- Anne, 1702-1714; Great Britain -- Social life and customs -- 18th century
We must not forget, however, that tea, coffee, and chocolate were in
much demand, and that both the coffee and chocolate houses really
supplied these beverages as their staple article. Tea was more of a
home drink, and was very dear, reckoning the different values of
money. Perhaps there were greater fluctuations in its price than in
any other article of food. Black tea varied in 1704 from 12_s._ to
16_s._ per lb.; in 1706, 14_s._ to 16_s._; in 1707, which seems to
have been an exceptionally dear year, 16_s._, 20_s._, 22_s._, 24_s._,
30_s._, and 32_s._; in 1709, it was from 14_s._ to 28_s._; and in
1710, 12_s._ to 28_s._ Green tea in 1705 was 13_s._ 6_d._; in 1707,
20_s._, 22_s._, 26_s._; in 1709, 10_s._ to 15_s._; and in 1710, 10_s._
to 16_s._ The difference between old and new is given once. The new
tea is 14_s._, and the old 12_s._ and 10_s._
The margins in price are not only accounted for by the difference in
age, but it was well known that old leaves were redried, and used in
the cheaper sorts; indeed, there is a very curious advertisement in
the advertising portion of the _Tatler_, Aug. 26, 1710: 'Bohea Tea,
made of the same Materials that Foreign Bohea is made of, 16_s._ a
Pound. Sold by R. Fary only, at the Bell in Grace Church Street,
Druggist. Note. The Natural Pecko Tea will remain, after Infusion, of
a light grey Colour. All other Bohea Tea, tho' there be White in it,
will Change Colour, and is artificial.'
Luttrell writes, Dec. 16, 1704: 'The Commons in a Committee of wayes
and means, resolved to double the duties on Coffee, Tea, and
Chocolate.'
The first noteworthy incident in the price of coffee in this reign is
an advertisement.[279] 'Whereas Coffee was formerly sold at 2_s._
6_d._ per pound, and is now already amounted to betwixt 6_s._ and
7_s._ per pound, the Majority of the Retailers have thought it
reasonable to request their Customers to pay 3 half pence per Dish,
and do assure that no person that sells Coffee for 1_d._ a Dish can
make good Coffee.' It is rather interesting to watch the fluctuations
in price. In 1706, from 6_s._ to 6_s._ 8_d._ per lb.; in 1707, from
7_s._ it fell to 5_s._ 10_d._ and 5_s._ 4_d._; in 1708 it rose, either
owing to speculation, or a failure in the crop, to 8_s._ 4_d._,
10_s._, and 11_s._ 6_d._, which was the highest price, when it fell to
9_s._ 10_d._ and 9_s._ In 1709 it still further fell--7_s._ 4_d._ and
6_s._ 8_d._; and in 1710 it was 5_s._ 8_d._
[Footnote 279: _Postman_, April 27/30, 1706.]
Attention was paid to its manufacture, for we find that 'Thomas
Burges, Druggist, removed from Snow hill to the Blew Anchor in Fleet
Street, near Serjeants Inn, sells the best of Coffee roasted after a
new way, having a better flavour, and is a much sweeter way than the
common method of roasting Coffee.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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