[Footnote 7: Cf. _The Mystic Rose_, pp. 444-445. Westermarck, p. 352.] [Footnote 8: _Ancient Society_, p. 59.] [Footnote 9: _Ibid_. p. 74.] [Footnote 10: By ‘classes’ Mr. Morgan here seems to mean phratries.] [Footnote 11: Westermarck, pp. 85, 96.] [Footnote 12: Lord Avebury, _Origin of Civilisation_, pp. 442-449, 1902.] [Footnote 13: _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_, p. 60.] [Footnote 14: Spencer and Gillen, pp. 56, 57, 59.] [Footnote 15: _J. A. I._, May 1895, p. 368.] [Footnote 16: Spencer and Gillen, p. 60.] [Footnote 17: _Ibid._ p. 66.] [Footnote 18: _Ibid._ p. 75.] [Footnote 19: _The Mystic Rose_, p. 476.] [Footnote 20: _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_, p. 27, cf. p. 70.] [Footnote 21: _Ancient Society_, pp. 427-428.] [Footnote 22: Captain Cook, of His Majesty’s ship _The Endeavour_.] [Footnote 23: _Descent of Man_, ii. 362, 363. Dr. Savage, _Boston Jour. of Nat. Hist._ v. 423.] [Footnote 24: Spencer and Gillen, p. 65.] [Footnote 25: _Op. cit._ p. 67.] [Footnote 26: Spencer and Gillen, pp. 67, 68.] [Footnote 27: Spencer and Gillen, pp. 62-64. _Mystic Rose_, pp. 477-478.] [Footnote 28: _On the Organisation of Australian Tribes_, pp. 107, 108.] [Footnote 29: Spencer and Gillen, p. 97.] [Footnote 30: _Ibid_. pp. 92-96. _The Mystic Rose_, pp. 479, 480.] [Footnote 31: Spencer and Gillen, pp. 420-421.] [Footnote 32: _J. A. I._ vol. xviii., no. 3, pp. 245-272.] [Footnote 33: _Op. cit._ pp. 246-248.] [Footnote 34: Howitt, _Organisation of Australian Tribes_.] CHAPTER VI THE CHANGE OF CLASS AMONG THE NEW GENERATION We have hitherto, for the sake of lucidity, spoken chiefly of _two_ ‘primary classes’ (‘phratries’), such as the Kirarawa and Matthurie of the Urabunna. But among the Arunta, and many other tribes, there are four or even eight such ‘classes.’ The reader may refer to the extract from Mr. Mathews’s description (p. 39). _Each of these classes roughly corresponds to a different generation of the tribe_. But, with female descent, each child belongs to the class to which its mother does not belong. The classes, that is, alter with each generation. What is the cause of this curious rule? One generation is A, its children are B, its grandchildren are A again. Here we meet the explanation of Herr Cunow, which may as well be given in summary. THE SYSTEM OF HERR CUNOW