The Native Tribes of Central Australia, 7. Footnote 46: Kafir Socialism, 41, 42. Footnote 47: _Ibid._, 145. Footnote 48: _Ibid._, 192, 193. Footnote 49: Savage Childhood, 108. Footnote 50: Travels in West Africa, 403. Footnote 51: See his Hereditary Genius. Footnote 52: The very statement of the problem as one of “heredity and environment” implies a biological point of view, because the biological factor, heredity, is made central while the social is merely a surrounding condition or “environment.” Footnote 53: Professor E. A. Ross, in his Foundations of Sociology, has a good summary of the earlier literature of social selection, and a bibliography. See pp. 327 _ff._ Footnote 54: According to the estimates of W. I. King, in his Wealth and Income of the People of the United States, the number of families in each of these classes, excluding single men and women, would have been, in 1910: Well-to-do families, 1,437,190; families in want, 1,870,000; families in an intermediate state, 14,970,000. See Chap. IX, Table XLIII, from which these figures are computed. Footnote 55: See the three articles on Race Suicide in the United States, by W. S. Thompson, The Scientific Monthly, July, August, and September, 1917. Footnote 56: Galton’s practical eugenic programme is given in Sociological Papers (an early publication of the English Sociological Society), vol. I, 45 _ff._ For the general argument, see his Hereditary Genius. Footnote 57: The view that race degenerates under civilization is developed at length and with much pessimistic ardor by G. Vacher de Lapouge in his work, Les sélections sociales. Footnote 58: Apart from the mixture of races, or changes in their relative numbers. Footnote 59: A. G. Warner, American Charities (Revised Edition), 60. Footnote 60: Professor Edward T. Devine suggests this distinction in his book, Misery and Its Causes. Footnote 61: I hardly need say, regarding the class revolution in Russia, that that country was lacking in those conditions of intelligence, communication, and economic development which my argument assumes to exist. Footnote 62: See his Industrial Evolution, translation, p. 382. Footnote 63: The human-nature values, of course, vary much less than the institutional values. Thus fashions vary infinitely, but conformity, the human-nature basis of allegiance to fashion, remains much the same. Footnote 64: _Pecunia_, from _pecus_, cattle. Footnote 65: B. M. Anderson, Jr., Social Value, p. 116. Footnote 66: They are recognized a great deal, and with the best results, by economists interested, as most are, in practical reforms. Footnote 67: See, for example, the penetrating study of Social Value by B. M. Anderson, Jr.