_II.--Program of Reforms_ The Socialist party, rejecting the policy of all or nothing, has a program of reforms whose realization it pursues forthwith. (1) _Democratization of Public Authorities_ 1. Universal direct suffrage, without distinction of sex, in every election. 2. Reduction of time of residence. Votes to be cast for lists, with proportional representation, in every election. 3. Legislative measures to secure the freedom and secrecy of the vote. 4. Popular right of initiative and referendum. 5. Abolition of the Senate and Presidency of the Republic. The powers at present belonging to the President of the Republic and the Cabinet to devolve on an executive council appointed by the Parliament. 6. Legal regulation of the legislator's mandate, to be revocable by the vote of any absolute majority of his constituents on the register. 7. Admission of women to all public functions. 8. Absolute freedom of the press, and of assembly guaranteed only by the common law. Abrogation of all exceptional laws on the press. Freedom of civil associations. 9. Full administrative autonomy of the departments and communes, under no reservations but that of the laws guaranteeing the republican, democratic, and secular character of the State. (2) _Complete Secularization of the State_ 1. Separation of the Churches and the State; abolition of the Budget of Public Worship; freedom of public worship; prohibition of the political and collective action of the Churches against the civil laws and republican liberties. 2. Abolition of the congregations; nationalization of the property in mortmain, of every kind, belonging to them, and appropriation of it for works of social insurance and solidarity; in the interval, all industrial, agricultural, and commercial undertakings are to be forbidden to the congregations. (3) _Democratic and Humane Organization of Justice_ 1. Substitution for all the present courts, whether civil or criminal, of courts composed of a jury taken from the electoral register and judges elected under guarantees of competence; the jury to be formed by drawing lots from lists drawn up by universal suffrage. 2. Justice to be without fee. Transformation of ministerial offices into public functions. Abolition of the monopoly of the bar. 3. Examination from opposite sides at every stage and on every point. 4. Substitution for the vindictive character of the present punishments, of a system for the safe keeping and the amelioration of convicts. 5. Abolition of the death penalty. 6. Abolition of the military and naval courts. (4) _Constitution of the Family in conformity with Individual Rights_ 1. Abrogation of every law establishing the civil inferiority of women and natural or adulterine children. 2. Most liberal legislation on divorce. A law sanctioning inquiry into paternity. (5) _Civic and Technical Education_ 1. Education to be free of charge at every stage.