[67] By the kindness of my friend, the Rev. Meldola de Sola, of the Portuguese Synagogue in Montreal, I am enabled to make an interesting note on this subject. Among the Talmudic passages enjoining industry are the following:--"Rather skin a carcase for pay in the public streets, than be idly dependent on charity," "Rather perform the meanest labour than beg." As a further evidence of the estimation in which labour was held by the sages of the Talmud, it may be mentioned that Hillel, before being admitted to the Great College, earned his livelihood as a wood-cutter; that Rabbi Joshua was a pinmaker; Rabbi Nehemiah Halsador, a potter; Rabbi Judah, a tailor; Rabbi Joshua Hasandler, a shoemaker; and Rabbi Judah Hanechtan, a baker. "Of all things," says Mr. Deutsch, "the most hated were idleness and asceticism; piety and learning themselves only received their proper estimation when joined to healthy, bodily work. 'It is well to add a trade to your studies; you will then be free from sin,' 'The tradesman at his work need not rise before the greatest doctor,' 'Greater is he who derives his livelihood from work than he who fears God'--are some of the most common dicta of the period." (_Literary Remains_, p. 25, where there are some striking stories in condemnation of asceticism). Mr. Deutsch elsewhere quotes, "Rather live on your Sabbath as you would on a week day than be dependent on others," (_Ibid._, p. 30).--_Trans._ [68] See above, pp. 140-1. [69] _Maimoniana_, pp. 196-200. [70] _Ibid._, p. 80. [71] _Ibid._, pp. 80, 83-4. [72] _Ibid._, p. 95, note. [73] _Ibid._, pp. 82-3. [74] _Ibid._, pp. 154, 157. [75] _Ibid._, pp. 80, 95, 104. [76] _Ibid._, p. 84. [77] _Ibid._, p. 105. [78] _Ibid._, p. 159. [79] _Ibid._, pp. 231-2. [80] _Ibid._, p. 96. [81] _Ibid._, p. 140. [82] _Ibid._, p. 96. [83] _Ibid._, p. 97. [84] Fischer's _Geschichte der neuern Philosophie_, vol. v., pp. 133-4. [85] _Maimoniana_, pp. 190-6. [86] _Ibid._, pp. 90-1. [87] _Ibid._, pp. 183-8. [88] _Ibid._, pp. 101-4. [89] _Ibid._, p. 217. [90] _Ibid._, pp. 109-112, 208, 212-3. [91] _Ibid._, p. 87. [92] _Ibid._, p. 213. [93] _Ibid._, p. 249. [94] _Ibid._, p. 88. [95] _Ibid._, p. 230. [96] _Ibid._, pp. 86-7. [97] _Ibid._, p. 89. [98] See, for example, _Ibid._, pp. 112, 115, 209, 250-1. [99] _Ibid._, p. [100] _Ibid._, pp. 165-6. [101] _Ibid._, pp. 201-210. [102] _Ibid._, pp. 183-8. * * * * * _Notes on some Books of Special Interest_ PUBLISHED BY ALEXANDER GARDNER, PAISLEY AND LONDON. _AT ALL LIBRARIES._ _JAMES HEPBURN, Free Church Minister._ By SOPHIE F. F. VEITCH, Author of "Angus Graeme, Gamekeeper," etc. 2 vols., Crown 8vo., 21s. "=A strong story of real life and cannot fail to give Miss Veitch a prominent position among modern novelists.... The whole story is exceedingly powerful.="--_Saturday Review._