Minsk, 164; province of, 196. Mitteleuropa, 20, 207. Model dwellings, 137. Mörs, county of, 125. Mohammedans, 19, 242, 278, 282. Mommsen, T., 8. Mongols, the, 160. Montalembert, Comte de, 154. Montenegro, 265, 269. Montreux, 88. Moravia, 212, 213, 216, 218, 219, 223. Moresnet, district of, 57. Morier, Sir Robert, quoted, 97f. Morlaks, the, 250. Morocco, 28. Moselle, the, 76, 101, 105, 122, 141. Moselle, department of the, 114. Moslems, _see_ Mohammedans. Mountains, as frontiers, 11f. Münster, 3. Mulhouse, 76, 78, 79, 89. Munich, 140, 145. Muscovites, 165, 285. Nahe, the, 124. Namier, L. B., 182, n. 1. Nancy, 112. Napoleon I, 3, 79, 84, 135, 202. Napoleon III, 38, 84. Nassau, house of, 52; Luxemburg branch, 57, 58, 60. National Councils, in the former Austrian territories, 209. Nationalities, Hungarian law of, 234. Nationality, principle of, 19f., 243, 265, 288. Natural resources, importance of, 12f. Naval Intelligence Division, the British, 23. Negroes, in America, 15. Netherlands, the, 51, 122. Neuilly, treaty of (1919), 3, 264, 285, 289. Neutrality, Belgian, 66-69. ‘Neutral schools,’ 114. New York, 7. Ney, M., 96, 138. Niemen, the, 182. Nord, department of the, 139. North Albanians, 280. Northern Epirus, 278ff., 290. North Schleswig, 19, 37-48, 72. North Schleswig Voters’ Union, the, 40, 42. North Sea, the, 42, 62. Norway, 44. Oder, the, 159. Oetzthaler Alps, the, 225. Oil wells, 77, 113. Oldenburg, duke of, 124. Orlando, V. E., 27. Orthodox, in Albania, 278; Serbs, 242; among the White Russians, 196. Osnabrück, 3. Ottweiler, 139. Pacific Ocean, the, 9, 191. Paderewski, I. J., 165. Palatinate, the Bavarian, 76, 124, 129, 136, 137, 139, 140, 141, 146. Palestine, 19. Panama, 50, 281. Panama Canal, the, 47. Pan-Germanism, 105, 208, 287. Pannonian basin, the, 231. Paris, treaty of (1814), 134f.; conference of (1815), 3; peace conference at (1919), 3-35, _et passim_. Partitions of Poland, the, 163, 164, 165, 168, 169, 177, 178, 180, 181, 189, 197. Pas-de-Calais, department of, 139. _Patois_, local, 90. Patriarch, the Greek, 282. Patriarchist church, _see_ Greek church. Pechelbronn, 77. Pennsylvania, 53. Petlura, S., 194. Petroleum, 197. _See_ Oil. Philip II, king of Spain, 51. Philippines, the, 14. Piasts, house of the, 159, 163. Pichon, G., 26. Pilsudski, J., 165. Pirot-Tsaribrod basin, the, 277. Pius IX, pope (1846-78), 154. Plebiscites, 18, 35, 42-46, 60, 106-109, 173, 184-187, 188. Pliny the Elder, 5. Poincaré, R., 107. Pola, 255. Poland, 12, 19, 28, 39, 91, 153-200, 210, 287. Poles, 209, 212. Polonization, 163ff. Pomaks, 282, 283. Pomerania, 159, 160. Pont-à-Mousson, 141. Porto Lago, 266. Posen (Posnania), 158, 177f., 184, 188.