1850 223,145 1851 263,999 1852 251,609 1853 322,000 1854 374,000 1855 392,000 1856 348,000 1857 355,000 1858 385,000 1859 536,000 1860 447,000 1861 446,000 1862 525,000 1863 507,000 1864 575,000 1865 620,000 1866 612,000 1867 597,000 1868 749,000[60] 1869 726,000[60] 1870 726,000[60] 1871 547,000[61] 1872 690,000[60] 1873 775,000[60] 1874 681,000[60] 1875 718,000[60] 1876 590,000[60] 1877 520,000[60] 1878 533,000[60] 1879 670,000 1880 530,000 1881 493,000 1882 595,000 1883 460,327[62] 1884 558,932 1885 631,000 1886 731,723 1887 646,578 1888 656,719 1889 560,333 1890 632,368 1891 816,980 1892 976,000 1893 815,894 1894 1,054,214 1895 1,004,264 1896 225,221[63] 1897 212,051[63] 1898 305,543[63] 1899 335,668 1900 283,651[64] 1901 612,775 1902 863,792 1903 1,003,873 1904 1,052,273 1905 1,183,347 1906 1,229,736 1907 1,444,310[65] 1908 969,275[66] 1909 1,521,818 1910 1,804,349 1911 1,483,451 1912 1,895,984 1913 2,428,537 1914 2,597,732 1915 2,592,667 1916 3,000,000[67] JAMAICA Jamaica lies 80 miles south of the eastern end of Cuba, between 17 degrees 43 minutes and 18 degrees 32 minutes north latitude and 76 degrees 10 minutes and 78 degrees 20 minutes west longitude. It is 144 miles long and 50 miles across at its widest part, with a total area of 4207 square miles. The island is traversed from east to west by a mountain range from which a number of spurs run out to the northwest or southeast. This range is more sharply defined in the eastern end, where the highest point is Blue Mountain Peak, 7360 feet above sea-level. The mountains gradually slope westward down to the hills of the western plateau, which is of limestone formation and comprises two-thirds of the island’s surface. As a rule the highlands terminate abruptly in steep bluffs, a strip of level land lying between them and the sea. On the south coast there are extensive plains. Fully one hundred rivers and streams empty themselves into the Caribbean, but the greater number of them are not navigable and in flood time they become raging torrents. In 1911 the population, of whom only 2 per cent are white, was estimated at 831,123. It is made up of Maroons, descendants of the slaves of the Spanish; descendants of African negro slaves; a mixture of British and negro; laborers from India; a sprinkling of Chinese, and the white settlers.