Sources of the Synoptic GospelsPatton, Carl S. (Carl Safford)
Religion
Sources of the Synoptic Gospels
Patton, Carl S. (Carl Safford)
Bible. Gospels -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
It is impossible to suppose that this unusually fine utterance could have
been in Luke's copy of Q and could have been omitted by him. Yet of the
five scholars quoted in Table II (pp. 110-11), Wellhausen alone attributes
it to Q. The others all attribute the preceding section to Q, but stop at
vs. 27, where the parallelism between Matthew and Luke breaks off. This is
necessary, of course, upon the assumption that nothing should be
attributed to Q except what is thus paralleled. But if anything stood in
Matthew's recension of Q that was not also in Luke's, certainly these
verses stood there. Weiss's remarks concerning them indicate that he has
no reason for assigning them, as he does, to a special source, except the
fact that they do not appear in Luke. He says "Since these words are not
in Luke we have no right to refer them to Q. This is not to say that they
are the work of Matthew; they have been taken from another source, oral or
written."[108] It has been pointed out by Montefiore that these verses are
largely made up of quotations. "The last bit of vs. 29 comes from Jer xi,
7, and the rest is an adapted echo of Sirach li, 23 seq."[109] The
parallel, however, as Montefiore also says, covers vss. 25-27 as well as
those now under consideration. Loisy[110] argues that the words cannot
safely be ascribed to Jesus, but adds, "It may be readily admitted that
the evangelist found them in the collection of Logia."
A SAYING ABOUT THE LAW
(Mt xii, 5-7)
This saying occurs, not in the midst of Q material, but as an appendix to
a discussion which Matthew and Luke both take from Mark. The passage seems
to be well attested textually. Considering its context, and its relation
to the material immediately preceding, it seems natural to assign the
verses either to Matthew himself or to some early editor, rather than to
seek a special source for them or to attribute them to Matthew's Q. Vs. 7
has already been considered in connection with ix, 13. If the ἀναιτίους in
this latter verse were singular instead of plural it would certainly be
taken as a reference to the condemnation and death of Jesus; indeed, it
may naturally, tho not with so much assurance, be so taken as it stands.
AN OLD TESTAMENT QUOTATION
(Mt xii, 17-21)
This long quotation, occurring as it does in the midst of a Marcan
narrative, may be ascribed either to Matthew or one of his sources; but
there is no evidence that such quotations were part of Q.
"GENERATION OF VIPERS"
(Mt xii, 34_a_)
Γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν is used once by Matthew and Luke in common (Mt iii, 7;
Lk iii, 7) and twice by Matthew alone. The question in which it occurs
here seems to render the statement in vss. 36-37 less justifiable. The
repetition, not only of the one phrase, but of the idea, in the section
might be taken to indicate that this half of a verse is an addition either
by Matthew or by some later hand.
A SAYING ABOUT THE JUDGMENT
(Mt xii, 36-37)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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