The _Tunguragua_ was formerly considered to be the Real Amazons, but that opinion is now quite exploded; it rises in the province of Tarma in Peru, in the lake Lauricocha, near the city of Guanuco, in 11° south latitude, and flows through Peru to Bracamoros, where passing by Jaen, it turns to the east, and pours itself, after intersecting the Andes at the Pongo de Manseriche into the Maranon by an immense mouth, below the village of St. Regis. The Tunguragua receives many large tributary streams, in the kingdom of Peru, one of which, the _Guallaga_, rising in the southern Andes, east of Guamanga, is at its conflux with the Lauricocha, 450 yards wide, and thirty-four fathoms deep. The Ucayale, or True Maranon, is navigable at all seasons; it was explored in 1794 by father Girval, who ascended it from St. Regis to the river Pachitea, and found its current gentle, abounding with fish, and its banks crowned with superb forests stored with wild animals. The native tribes on its shores were generally of a pacific nature, and in the course of 300 leagues he found 132 islands. From the confluence of the Ucayale and Tunguragua, the river decidedly receives the name of MARANON, and flows with a gentle current, and with an increasing expanse of waters into the Atlantic Ocean; its course lies mostly through the Portuguese territories of Amazonia, Guiana, and Grand Para. It receives from the Cordillera of Quito, the _Caqueta_ and _Apapures_, which running into each other, become a noble river, under the name of the _Yapura_. The _Napo_, which was the river on which Orellana first embarked, also rises in Quito, as does the _Putumayo_, or _Ica_, which flows into the Maranon, between the Napo and the Yapura. East of these rivers, besides an immense number of smaller streams, the Maranon receives the great _Rio Negro_, by which it communicates with the Orinoco. Between the junction of the Negro and the Atlantic Ocean, innumerable streams rising in the deserts of Portuguese Guiana pour in their tributary waters from the north; on its south side this amazing river receives, commencing from the west after the conflux of the Lauricocha, the _Yavari_, the _Jutay_, the _Juruay_, the _Tefe_, _Carori_, _Puros_, and the great _Madera_, which has its sources in Potosi, far south of the Apurimac, and falls into the Maranon by numerous mouths; and the _Topayos_, _Zingu_, _Dos Bocas_, the _Tocantins_ and the _Mugu_, issuing from the mining districts of Brasil, pay their tribute to the Maranon, until it rushes into the vast bosom of the Atlantic.