Numerous herds of cattle feed in this country, which abounds in fruit, corn, &c. A chain of mountains, from the main ridge, runs through New Santander, and is called the Sierra Gorda; from which the district has sometimes been named; this chain abounds in mines. It was not till 1748, that this district or province was wholly subdued, in which year the capital was built. There is a fine harbour attached to it, which was first observed in 1739. The richest mines are in Panuco or Potosi, and the chief of these is Catorce, or La Purissima Conception; it was discovered in 1773, and is said to yield annually to the amount of from seven to 800,000_l._ sterling of silver. Charcas is the next mining station of note, and is in the north of Panuco or Potosi. The remaining towns of most importance in the intendancy of San Luis Potosi, are _New Santander_, the capital of the province of that name, with its port of _Soto la Marina_, which however does not admit vessels that draw more water than six feet. _Linares_, in New Leon, between the Rio del Norte, and the Tigre, and-- _San Antonio de Bejar_, capital of Texas, between the two rivers Nogales and St. Antonio. The most eastern fort of this intendancy is the Presidio of _Nacogdoch_, which is 68 leagues from the United Statesʼ Fort Clayborne. The great river of this government is the Rio del Norte, which enters the Mexican gulf in about 25° 40ʹ north latitude, and 97° 20ʹ west longitude. The other rivers of most note are, beginning from the east, the Rio Mexicano, Rio de Sabina, Rio de la Trinidad, Rio Colorado de Texas, Rio St. Antonio, Rio de las Nueces, Rio de Tigre, to the south of the great Rio del Norte, and the Rio Panuco or Tampico; of all of which very little is known. _INTENDANCY OF ZACATECAS._ THIS intendancy is one of the smallest in New Spain, and is the first of those we are about to describe, which are under the immediate controul of the viceroy. It is bounded on the north by the intendancy of New Biscay or Durango, on the east by San Luis Potosi, on the west by Guadalaxara, and on the south by Guanaxuato. It is 85 leagues long, and 51 broad in its greatest dimensions. The population of this province is 153,300. Zacatecas consists almost entirely of mountain country; so much so, as to have been said greatly to resemble Swisserland. The climate is very variable and inclement, and the soil far from fertile; but all this is compensated by the riches of the mines, which are only inferior to those of Guanaxuato. Its chief town is _Zacatecas_, where the great mines are situated. The population of this town, is 33,000; it is a bishopʼs see, and is 240 miles north-north-east of Mexico. The next is _Sombrerete_, the seat of the chief-council of mines; _Fresnillo_, near the latter, both of which are great mining stations. Sombrerete was formerly the richest of the whole, and there are many other mining stations of great importance in this district, most of which are very populous.