NOTE.--Chapter IX. is chiefly founded on “_Historia del descubrimiento y colonizacion de la Nueva Granada_” (Paris, 1849), by J. Acosta; and “_Memorias para la historia de la Nueva Granada_” (Bogotá, 1850), by Antonio de Plaza. CHAPTER X. _PROGRESS OF THE COLONY._ 1604-1792. [Sidenote: 1604.] _Don_ Garcia Raymon was once more appointed to the government of _Chili_, and received one thousand soldiers from Europe and a fourth of that number from _Mexico_. He thus found himself at the head of three thousand regular troops, besides auxiliaries. With such a force at his disposal, it was natural that he should once more invade _Arauco_, in which territory he erected a fort; the existence of which, however, was of short duration, it being abandoned to the Araucanians. Raymond divided his force into two parts, both of which were successively attacked and defeated by the new _Toqui_, Huenecura, so complete being the rout that every single person was killed or taken. Such was the dread entertained of the Araucanians that, in 1608, orders were issued from Spain that a force of two thousand regular troops should constantly be maintained on the frontier. For this purpose a sum of about three hundred thousand _dollars_ was to be paid annually from the treasury of _Peru_. [Sidenote: 1610.] In the following year the Court of Royal Audience was re-established at _St. Iago_. The Captain-General, Raymon, who once more took the field, ended his days at _Conception_, greatly regretted, not only by those whom he had commanded and governed, but likewise by the Araucanians, whom, when prisoners, he invariably treated with humanity. In consequence of the representations of a Jesuit missionary, named Louis Valdivia, respecting the injurious influence exercised by the long-continued struggle on the progress of conversion, the pious Philip III. sent orders to the government of _Chili_ to discontinue the war and to establish peace, taking the _Bio-bio_ as a frontier. Louis Valdivia returned to _Chili_ in 1612, the bearer of a letter from the King to the Araucanian congress, with which he hastened to the frontier. In the presence of fifty chiefs he made known the object of his errand. He was thanked for his exertions, and received the promise of a favourable report to the _Toqui_.