Spanish and Portuguese South America during the Colonial Period; Vol. 2 of 2Watson, Robert Grant
History
Spanish and Portuguese South America during the Colonial Period; Vol. 2 of 2
Watson, Robert Grant
America -- Discovery and exploration; South America -- History -- To 1806
General Whitelocke did not reach the _Plata_ until three months after
the capture of _Monte Video_. He was promptly joined by General
Crawford, who had been overtaken on the Atlantic by the despatch-boat
sent after him. With the united force at his disposal the reconquest of
_Buenos Ayres_ and its territory seemed to the commander-in-chief, as to
everybody else, a very simple affair, as indeed it was. It was
impossible to conceive that where a force of sixteen hundred men had in
the first instance succeeded, one of ten thousand of the same army
should fail. The reason, however, is not far to seek. It lay in the
difference between Beresford and Whitelocke.
The English force was divided into four brigades. The first, composed of
a battalion of rifles and one of infantry of the line, was commanded by
General Crawford; the second, composed of three battalions, was led by
Sir Samuel Auchmuty; the third, of two battalions and a regiment of
dismounted dragoons, was under General Lumley; the fourth, likewise of
two battalions and a regiment of dismounted dragoons, was under Colonel
Mahon. The mounted batteries were kept in reserve, under the immediate
orders of the commander-in-chief. The entire effective force amounted to
nearly ten thousand men, some two thousand having been left for the
defence of Monte Video, together with a small body of militia composed
of all the English residents.
The expedition set out amidst the cheers of the fleet, and on Sunday,
the 28th of June, the troops disembarked at the small port of
_Enseñada_, forty-eight miles south of _Buenos Ayres_. Why a spot so
distant from the city should have been selected it is not easy to
imagine; but this was in accordance with all the subsequent proceedings
of the general. Their landing was unopposed by the Spaniards, who, of
course, anticipated that it would be effected nearer the town, probably
at _Quilmes_, where Beresford had set foot. Without loss of time the
advanced guard, under General Levison Gower, the second in command, was
_en route_, and it was followed by the main body of the army, which
marched without opposition to _Quilmes_. So far, notwithstanding the low
marshy ground and the immense bogs and lakes which intervene between
_Enseñada_ and _Buenos Ayres_, all went well, and it seemed scarcely
possible to anticipate any but a favourable result of the enterprise. As
no communication could be kept between the naval and land forces, the
army had to encumber itself with the immense load of provisions
necessary for the subsistence of ten thousand men during one week. For
hours together the men were up to their middle in water, their artillery
being often swamped in the marshes. Their provisions were scanty and
wet; nor was there any shelter from the intense cold, even the supply of
wine and spirits running short. The troops marched through a desert, the
inhabitants having vanished, together with their horses and cattle.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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