About this time _Rio de Janeiro_, together with the provinces to the south of that city, was separated, as was _Maranham_, from the general government, and was confided to Salvador Correa, who had recovered _Angola_ from the Dutch. He was member of the distinguished family through whose means the French had been expelled from the city which is now the capital of _Brazil_. Correa was, from family associations, attached to the Jesuits, and thus became an object of dislike to the inhabitants of _Santos_ and of _St. Paulo_, from which communities the Jesuit Fathers were expelled. Having exerted himself successfully in re-establishing them, his conduct was so strongly resented by the _Paulistas_ that, when he had set out on an expedition in search of mines, an insurrection was raised during his absence. Correa received whilst at _Santos_ the news of the arbitrary proceedings of his enemies; whereupon he issued a proclamation, containing offers of pardon on the one hand, and threats of punishment on the other. He then proceeded to _St. Paulo_, where in a short time he so won the good-will of the people that he had soon sufficient force at his command to enable him to regain his government. [Sidenote: 1665.] After a term of office of six years, Barreto was succeeded by the Count of Obedos, in whose time the Carmelites of S^{ta.} Teresa came to establish themselves in _Brazil_, where, in the province of _Bahia_, they ere long erected one of the most sumptuous convents in the possession of their order. The term of office of the same Governor was likewise noted for the occurrence of a dreadful outbreak of small-pox along the coast, from _Pernambuco_ to _Rio de Janeiro_, which gave occasion for the display of the most heroic devotion on the part of the members of the Church of Rome, amongst whom are especially mentioned the Brethren of the _Misericordia_. So dire was the mortality that there were not sufficient hands left for agriculture; and thus the pestilence was followed by famine. It has been mentioned that Vidal, formerly the colleague of Joam Fernandes, had been promoted from the government of _Maranham_ to that of _Pernambuco_; in which post, however, he had the disadvantage of not being independent, being under the orders of the Governor-General at _Bahia_. His straightforward, impartial conduct procured him many enemies, who were not unsuccessful in prejudicing the mind of Barreto against him. He was thus placed under arrest, but was subsequently permitted to retain his government until its expiry. The inhabitants of _Pernambuco_, however, had no reason to congratulate themselves upon the governor who was sent to replace him, and whose grasping disposition made him so intolerable that he was at length seized by stratagem and sent prisoner to Lisbon, where, on his arrival, he was condemned to perpetual imprisonment in a fortress in India. [Sidenote: 1668.] [Sidenote: 1673.]