During the reigns of Charles III and Charles IV, a revival of literature and an advance in political science guided the attention of the clergy and the government to the position of the court of Rome, as well as to the proceedings of the inquisitors. The former of these monarchs nearly yielded to the advice of his councillors to suppress the Inquisition, as well as to expel the Jesuits. He banished the Society, but, in regard to the Inquisition, said: "The Spaniards want it and it gives me no trouble." Meanwhile death sentences nearly ceased, and once when a good man was sentenced to be delivered to the secular arm, in compliance with the letter of the law, the inquisitors let him go free. By this contrivance Don Miguel Solano, priest of Esco, a town in Aragon, walked out of the prison of the Inquisition in Saragossa, as a maniac, forgiven his heresy, and lived on as a maniac, exempted from priestly ministrations, while every one knew him to be a reasonable man and treated him accordingly. In the end he died, refusing Extreme Unction, and was buried in unconsecrated ground within the walls of the Inquisition on the banks of the Ebro. CHAPTER V THE INQUISITION IN PORTUGAL AND INDIA The Inquisition in Spain abolished by Napoleon's invasion--Its revival--Persecution of the Freemasons--The "Tribunal of Faith" established--Inquisition in Portugal--The case of an Englishman who is arrested, tortured and burnt alive--Difference between the Inquisitions of Spain and Portugal--The supreme power of the Holy Office in Portugal in the eighteenth century--The terrible earthquake at Lisbon--Establishment of the Holy Office in India at Goa--Description of the Inquisition prison at Goa by M. Dellon--Case of Father Ephrem--His arrest and rescue by the English from the hands of the inquisitors.