Special Report on Diseases of the HorseUnited States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Science
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse
United States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Horses -- Diseases
_Symptoms._--About the first symptom noticed is cough, followed by
difficulty in swallowing, which may be due to soreness of the membrane
of the pharynx, over which the feed or water must pass, or from the pain
caused by the contraction of the muscles necessary to impel the feed or
water onward to the gullet; or this same contraction of the muscles may
cause a pressure on the larynx and produce pain. In many instances the
difficulty in swallowing is so great that water, and in some cases feed,
is returned through the nose. This, however, does not occur in
laryngitis alone, but only when the pharynx is involved in the
inflammation. The glands between the lower jawbones and below the ears
may be swollen. Pressure on the larynx induces coughing. The head is
more or less "poked out," and has the appearance of being stiffly
carried. The membrane in the nose becomes red. A discharge from the
nostrils soon appears. As the disease advances, the breathing may assume
a more or less noisy character; sometimes a harsh, rasping snore is
emitted with every respiration, the breathing becomes hurried, and
occasionally the animal seems threatened with suffocation.
_Treatment._--In all cases steam the nostrils, as has been advised for
cold in the head. In bad cases cause the steam to be inhaled
continuously for hours--until relief is afforded. Have a bucketful of
fresh boiling water every fifteen or twenty minutes. In each bucketful
of water put a tablespoonful of oil of turpentine, or compound tincture
of benzoin, the vapor of which will be carried along with the steam to
the affected parts and have a beneficial effect. In mild cases steaming
the nostrils five, six, or seven times a day will suffice.
The animal should be placed in a comfortable, dry stall (a box stall
preferred), and should have pure air to breathe. The body should be
blanketed, and bandages applied to the legs. The diet should consist of
soft feed--bran mashes, scalded oats, linseed gruel, and, best of all,
fresh grass, if in season. The manger, or trough, should neither be too
high nor too low, but a temporary one should be constructed at about
the height he carries his head. Having to reach too high or too low may
cause so much pain that the animal would rather forego satisfying what
little appetite he may have than inflict pain by craning his head for
feed or water. A supply of fresh water should be before him all the
time; he will not drink too much, nor will the cold water hurt him.
Constipation (if present) must be relieved by enemas of warm water,
administered three or four times during the twenty-four hours.
A liniment composed of 2 ounces of olive oil and 1 each of solution of
ammonia and tincture of cantharides, well shaken together, may be
thoroughly rubbed in about the throat from ear to ear, and about 6
inches down over the windpipe, and in the space between the lower jaws.
This liniment should be applied once a day for two or three days.
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