Special Report on Diseases of the HorseUnited States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Science
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse
United States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Horses -- Diseases
_Symptoms._--The most prominent symptoms of fatty degeneration are a
feeble action of the heart, a remarkably slow pulse, general debility,
and attacks of vertigo. It may exist for a long time, but is apt to
terminate suddenly in death upon the occurrence of other diseases,
surgical operations, etc. It may involve a liability to sudden death
from rupture of the ventricular walls.
_Treatment._--Confinement in feed to oats, wheat or rye bran, and
timothy hay. Twenty drops of sulphuric acid may be given in drinking
water three times a day, and hypophosphite of iron in 2-dram doses,
mixed with the feed, twice a day. Other tonics and stimulants as they
may be indicated.
RUPTURE OF THE HEART.
This may occur as the result of some previous disease, such as fatty
degeneration, dilatation with weakness of the muscular walls, etc. It
may be caused by external violence, a crushing fall, pressure of some
great weight, etc. Usually death follows a rupture very quickly, though
an animal may live for some time when the rent is not very large.
WEAKNESS OF THE HEART.
This may arise from general debility, the result of exhausting disease,
overwork, or heart strain, or loss of blood. It is indicated by a small,
feeble, but generally regular pulse, coldness of the body, etc.
Treatment should be directed to support and increase the strength of the
animal by tonics, rest, and nutritious feed. Carbonate of ammonia may be
given to stimulate the heart's action and to prevent the formation of
heart clot.
CONGESTION OF THE HEART
Congestion, or an accumulation of the blood in the cavities of the
heart, may occur in consequence of fibrinous deposits interfering with
the free movements of the valves, usually the product of endocarditis or
as a result of excessive muscular exertion.
Symptoms are great difficulty of breathing, paleness of the visible
mucous membranes, great anxiety, frequently accompanied by a general
tremor and cold perspiration, followed by death. It usually results in
death very quickly.
CYANOSIS OF NEWBORN FOALS.
This is a condition sometimes found in foals immediately after birth,
and is due to nonclosure of the foramen ovale, which allows a mixture of
the venous with the arterial blood in the left cavities of the heart. It
is characterized by a dark purple or bluish color of the visible mucous
membranes, shortness of breath, and a general feebleness. Foals thus
affected generally live only a few hours after birth.
DISEASES OF ARTERIES, OR ARTERITIS AND ENDARTERITIS.
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