Special Report on Diseases of the HorseUnited States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Science
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse
United States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Horses -- Diseases
_Symptoms._--It is usually ushered in by a chill, rise in temperature,
and some uneasiness; in a very short time this is followed by lameness
in one leg and swelling on the inside of the thigh. The swelling
gradually surrounds the whole limb and continues on downward until it
reaches the foot. The limb is excessively tender to the touch, the
animal perspires, the breathing is accelerated, pulse hard and quick,
and the temperature may reach 106 deg. F. The bowels early become very
constipated and urine scanty. The symptoms usually are on the increase
for about two days, then they remain stationary for the same length of
time; the fever then abates; the swelling recedes and becomes less
painful. It is very seldom, though, that all the swelling leaves the
leg; generally it leaves some permanent enlargement, and the animal
becomes subject to recurrent attacks. Occasionally the inguinal
lymphatic glands (in the groin) undergo suppuration, and pyemia may
supervene and prove fatal. In severe cases the limb becomes denuded of
hair in patches, and the skin remains indurated with a fibrous growth,
which is known by the name of elephantiasis.
_Treatment._--The parts should be bathed freely and frequently with
water as hot as the hand can bear and then fomented with vinegar and
water, equal parts, to which add 2 ounces of nitrate of potassium for
each gallon. This should be applied frequently, after the hot water, for
the first day. Afterwards the leg may be dried with a woolen cloth and
bathed with camphorated soap liniment. Internally administer artificial
Carlsbad salts in 2 to 4 ounce doses three times daily. Feed lightly and
give complete rest. This treatment, if instituted early in the attack,
very frequently brings about a remarkable change within 24 hours.
DISEASES OF THE EYE.
BY JAMES LAW, F. R. C. V. S.,
_Formerly Professor of Veterinary Science, etc., Cornell University_.
We can scarcely overestimate the value of sound eyes in the horse, and
hence all diseases and injuries which seriously interfere with vision
are matters of extreme gravity and apprehension, for should they prove
permanent they invariably depreciate the selling price to a considerable
extent. A blind horse is always dangerous in the saddle or in single
harness, and he is scarcely less so when, with partially impaired
vision, he sees things imperfectly, in a distorted form or in a wrong
place, and when he shies or avoids objects which are commonplace or
familiar. When we add to this that certain diseases of the eyes, like
recurring inflammation (moon blindness), are habitually transmitted from
parent to offspring, we can realize still more fully the importance of
these maladies. Again, as a mere matter of beauty, a sound, full, clear,
intelligent eye is something which must always add a high value to our
equine friends and servants.
STRUCTURE OF THE EYE.
(Pl. XXII.)
THE EYEBALL.
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